MARCH 11, 1966
THE CANADIAN JEWISH REVIEW
JANINA
(Continued from Page Six) "What is the matter with your bands?"
"Arthritis."
"You have only two children?"
"Yes. Ursula, you have seen her. And Janusz, he is a big boy now. He wanted to study but he was obliged to go to work early."
"What is your husband's work?"
"He was a railroad worker, but lately he has been sick � something wiong with his heart. He spent some time in the hospital. He sets a small pension from the Government as a retired worker."
"And how is life?"
"One gets along. There is enough bread and there is milk for breakfast for the children. There is soup for dinner. Sometimes there is even a piece of meat."
She didn't complain about the economic situation nor about the regime. She had faith tnat there would come better times � for everyone.
"Tell me, Janina, besides Alusza, did you hide other Jews?"
"Yes, several . . ."
I took my notebook. She began remembering slowly:
"There was a Mr. Goldberg and with him was a Mrs. Rubinstein.' He left a manuscript, a diary. I gave it Jo a historic institute. They left for Argentina, I think."
"And who was hiding in the cellar under the floor?"
"Ah, that was another family: the father, a son, and the mother. They were hiding there about a year and a half."
"Do you hear anything from them?"
"No, nothing. After the war, they went, I think, to Israel."
"It is a hard life in Israel," I said. "There are difficulties in finding living quarters, and work . , ."
"But they might have written a few words." She spoke in a quiet voice without blame. "I do not ask anything ... But a few words ... If it had not been for Adam and Julia I would have lost faith in men. Julia writes to us; they send a package from time to time, and medicine for my husband. But it is not what they send, the important thing is the friendship . . . they didn't forget us."
"How could you hide three people
in such a small apartment? Such a long time?"
"You mean the other family? Well, it was not easy. At night they would sometimes come up into the house; sometimes also during the day. If steps were heard nearby they would hurry back into the cellar. We had also to be careful about the neighbors. In the darkness I would secretly carry away the chamber pots so that no one would notice. They could not go outside, not even at night. So it went on day after day, month after month."
"Why did you do it, Janina?"
"Because ... my husband was in the Party, and we were told to help as much as we could. But this was not the main reason. I think there Is no difference between people, Jews and non-Jews. And I' believe one should be good and human, and that one has to help another in need. And so I have brought up the children, Janusz arid Ursula. I was born in a village in a poor family. There were seven of us; we lived in need. Sometimes there was not even a piece of dry bread in the house. I was twelve when I went to work. Later I worked as a maid in Warsaw for a Jewish family in the neighborhood that was to become the Ghetto."
Her explanation explained very little. Want in childhood and work as a servant could also.bring out envy, bitterness, and malice. She was apparently intelligent. Although she went to work very young she spoke Polish well, expressed her thoughts adequately, and, it seemed to me, had read the newspapers. She looked at me for a while.
"Why are you moved?"
I turned my head away and was silent. I knew why: because I would not have had the strength to do it. Risking one's life day after day, for hundreds of days, every hour of the day for strangers. And more than this, the moral courage to stand against the pressure of the surrounding atmosphere, against the long tradition of generations of contempt and. hatred. Where did this simple woman get the strength to hold to faith in human goodness when all around there was a raging sea of hatred and malice?
"Do you know Vladka?" she asked.
Who hadn't heard of Vladka? A Jewish girl, she lived in Warsaw as an Aryan on the Gentile side. She was a secret courier, had smuggled weapons into the Ghetto, took care of
hidden children. Later, in America, she wrote a book about those years.
"I don't know her personally, but I have heard of her."
"I went with her several times to the concentration camps. Give her my regards. She may remember me."
She got up. The pain of the arthitis was apparent in her walk.
"Have you had any help from the Jewish Committee?" I asked her. "No, nothing." "Why?"
"Right after the war I turned to them. But at that time there was a big rush of all kinds of people. Many Poles came who had not helped Jews. They started to ask questions, to investigate me. I couldn't stand it and I didn't go anymore."
The Polski honor, Polish pride! But I understood her.
"I am going now to a Jewish association. Will you come with me?"
We went together to the Jewish Cultural Association at Nowogrodzka Street, number 5. The Association occupied a whole house. She waited in the small restaurant on the second floor. I met with, some political leaders and writers. I used the occasion to ask if they could get some help for Janina. They had no funds, they explained. And the branch of the American Joint Distribution Committee in Poland helps only Jews. But if I could get a certificate for her from the Jewish Historical Institute in Poland, the "Joint" might consider some compensation.
I had no time left\to go to the Institute. I would havd to get certain papers in New Ydik, anyway. My meeting with the writers lasted several hours. I apologized to Janina.
"It doesn't matter,"! she said. "I have been talking to the people here. They all thought I was one of them."
We said good-bye. She went back to her apartment at Obwodowa, which is full of memories and shadows of those years. \ went to the monument of the martyrs and fighters of the Warsaw Ghetto.
Back in New York. When one returns from a Jong trip there are a thousand things waiting to be done. I made a vow not to forget Janina. Soon I got in touch with Julia and Vladka. .Everything was done in the New York way. To this day I have not seen either of them; we only talked by telephone.
"We should try to find the Mr.
Goldberg in Argentina," I said to Julia, "maybe he could help a little. The other family is in Israel and they probably do not have much for themselves."
"Israel, my cyel They are in New York."
"In New York?"
"Yes, in Washington Heights. They even changed their name. They own a small factory and are quite well off. The son got married. M<ul
Tov."
"And they do not help Janina? They don't even write?"
"Well, as you can see ... Janina was pregnant with Ursula at the time they were hiding in her house. She would go even then to dig potatoes in the field in order to bring them something to eat. After the harvest she would look for carrots or beets in the deserted fields ... I came to Janina straight from the camp. I looked like a skeleton, dirty and sick. She took me into her small apartment, gave me a bed, water to wash myself, and a piece of bread to eat."
The next day Julia sent me the necessary document for the Historical Institute in Warsaw: that Janina had in those years saved their child.
Vladka, too, remembered Janina well.'She also knew the other family � from Warsaw and in New York. And she knew that Janina hid them for eighteen months.
"But how is it possible that they absolutely refuse to help a woman who risked her own life in order to save theirs? It's unimaginablel"
"There are different people in thet world," she said.
One of my friends has suggested a Freudian explanation: that they could not face their past, that they wanted to erase it. Well, it might be true, but why always push the responsibility onto Mr. Freud?
Several days lated Vladka sent me
the necessary documents in which she described Janina's activities during those years. She also bad Janina's address in the documents. Did she remember it after so many years? Or perhaps she had it written down?
I sent the documents to the Jewish Historical Institute in Warsaw. Several months passed. Janina wrote me that from the Institute they sent her to a second committee. (To the Joint Distribution Committee, I supposed). There they asked her for documents. It was a good thing that I had prepared several copies. I sent them directly to Janina. Vladka sent, in addition, her greetings and a recommendation to a friend of bets from the Underground who is now working in the "Joint" branch in Warsaw.
Some time ago, I received a letter from Janina. She writes me, among other things, "I went to the Joint at Nowogrodzka 5. I made a petition and added the letters. Everything went well. They granted me 300 zlotys a month. I have already received payments for September and October. I thank all of you."
tee, and of a committee that vised the steel code for the American Institute of Steel Construe-tion. In 1964 he presided at an international conference in Luxembourg, says the New York Times, called by the European Coal ana Iron Community.
Mr. Ruderman is survived by his widow, the former Misa Irene Kir-wan; three daughters: Mrs, Claire Ashkin, Mrs. Jean Aboobaker, and Mrs. Sophie Weber; a sister; and seven grandchildren.
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p�jd, A. B, C circnlation
community in *ot dw protection of
(Continued' from Page One)
Corps of the Navy. He served in the Army in World War I.
For the last year or more he had been associated with Murray Shapiro and Leo Plofker in the office of James Ruderman, 84 Fifth "Avenue.
-A member of virtually all the professional societies in his field, Mr. Ruderman was named engineer of the year in 1964 by the American Society of Civil Engineers. He was also the recipient of the Townsend Harris Medal from City College in the same year.
He was a member of the New York City Building Code Commit-
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The Co nod ion Jewish Review is now considering photographs for the Festivol Mogozine Issue for Passover, on April 1.
Preference is given to photographs posed before o plain, unfigured bock-ground; ond oil photographs must be straight, front-view; ond finished studio pictures. Glossy proofs ore required.
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Candid photographs can never be taken with the same core os photographs in a studio, with studio light ing. Ask your photographer to arrange for studio photographs, too, particularly for weddings and bor-mitxYohs!
How
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Differently. You see, most ocear liners have their smokestacks one-behind-the-other. The Shalom's stacks are side-by-side. This creates a lot more space-space below for elegant lounges, restaurants and huge staterooms; space above for game rooms, swimming pools and broad sweeps of deck.
But the Shalom's real difference isn't in her design. It's in her demeanor. The Shalom is friendly. Very friendly. That's because she's an Israeli ship and the Israelis are naturally warmhearted, stimulating, hospitable. Which means there's absolutely nothing la-de-da about the Shalom. However, that's not to say
all Zim iir.es sNps reg:<tered in
life aboard the Shalom isn't filled with luxuries. After all, with sauna baths, duty-free shops, nightclubs, first-run films and VIP facilities, to say nothing of five gourmet meals a day, what else could it be?
This year the Shalom is making four transatlantic trips to Israel -April 29, May 27, June 30 and July 29. Each features stops in such marvelous ports as Lisbon, Cannes, Naples and Piraeus. She is also making a special 48-day .High Holiday Festival Cruise to the Mediterranean and Israel sailing on August 30 to 12 ports. For reservations, see j^j'fjj your travel agent or call *M� Zim.
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