fame Two
THE FISHERMAN
July 10, 1945
China's Industrial Co-op
By EDGAR SNOW
Author of "People On Our Side," "Red Star Over China," etc.
rpHE Chinese Industrial Cooperative movement, also known as "Indusco" and CIC, has great meaning especially for colonial and undeveloped countries everywhere.
It offers an alternative way to organize workers in backward countries and a way to avoid the menace of cheap "coolie labor" competition on the world market as a threat to the higher living standard in more advanced countries.
Many people are already familiar with the story of how the CIC set up hundreds of little workshops throughout China's interior to provide jobs for refugees, to help lay a democratic foundation for China's industrialization and to compensate for the loss of China's industrial areas to the Japanese. They have read how the legendary Rewi Alley, a New Zealander with China as his adopted land, and a tireless staff of Chinese organizers, factory workers, and engineers went into the backward interior with a stirring message of peoples' industry and "work together."
Today there are around 1,500 industrial cooperatives turning out hundreds of vital products for China's Army and civilians, and now for American forces stationed in China. With a minimum of both capital and tools, the CIC has produced approximately $90,-000,000 (U.S. currency) worth of textiles, army goods, clothing, chemical products, iron, coal, medical and household goods during the past six years.
Democratic Method
Perhaps the best reason for Chinese Industrial Cooperative success has been its democratic method of both organization nad function. It is an entirely new thing in China for labor to be given any share in ownership and management of industry. The CIC helps educate workers in democratic processes and raises labor from its past degradation. Through its own Indusco schools it brings literacy and education to both workers and their families, wherever cooperatives have obtained a secure footing.
Emphasis On War
In Indusco emphasis in production is on the war effort, for members realize that if China were conquered everything would be lost. Japanese know the importance and tenacity of the cooperatives in this fight and have called for the execution of any captured CIC members. The cooperators' reply is to make army shoes, repair rifles,
• Chinese industrial co-ops have a role to play in raising the living standards of China's people which will also provide a guarantee against lower wages in other countries. Right now, however, the war against Japan comes first for these cooperators.
turn out army blankets and uniforms in mobile workshops that operate close to the front lines with Chinese troops, or to produce necessities for Chinese guerilla fighters in cunningly concealed factories behind enemy lines.
As in American unions, CIC membership is open to all. If the worker does not have funds to purchase the required share that gives him cooperative membership, he can earn it as he works, and buy his shares on the intallment plan. No matter how many shares he accumulates, however, he is entitled to only one vote. With that vote he helps determine his working hours, his wages and the division of profits. He elects his own officers and managers and then abides by self-imposed rules of discipline. In cooperative meetings he gets valuable practical education in self-government and prepares himself for full citizenship in a future Chinese democracy.
"I wired your mother not to come . . . 1 told her it was nonessential travel!"
FRESH FISH
By BOB WULFF
Manager, Fresh Fish Section United Fishermen's Co-op
QOCKEYE season opened up ^ not too badly. Several boats had two hundred pounds or over for last Monday's delivery. Best fishing was on the B.C. Bar.
The Co-op has handled about one million pounds of fish to date. More Red Springs have come in so far from the Fraser river than were delivered for the whole of 1944. This would indicate that Spring fishing has been much better than it has during the past three years. Pue to the lack of storage space, we were unable to handle much halibut. We could not get our plant operating because we did not' get our U.S.A. priority till the halibut season was over. But it should not take more than two or three months till we are all set.
We also intend to handle tuna fish this year. These will all be shipped across the border.
Bluebacks are still coming in but scrap fishing seems to be poor for longliners.
Fishermen ! . ..
When in Northern B.C. waters call at Your Own Store!
Prince Rupert Fishermen's Co-op Ass'n
"Everything for the Fisherman" Phone 264 — Box 264 PRINCE RUPERT, B.C.
Lost Fish Cost Less Than Lost Customers
If a man in the Fish. Business finds some of his stock has 'gone off in quality and he takes it out of sale, he's lost what the Fish cost him.
That's not so good, but—
If he leaves the Fish in stock until he works it off on an unsuspecting buyer, he'll have saved what it cost—and quite likely have lost a customer.
That's a good deal worse than losing some Fish.
Lost Customers Cost More Than Lost Fish
Quality Keeps On Paying Dividends
DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES
OTTAWA
HON. ERNEST BERTRAND, MP., Minister
Co-ops End Sweatshops
The Chinese Industrial Cooperatives represent the antithesis of labor conditions in the great prewar industrial cities of Shanghai, Hankow, Canton, and Tientsin. In the sweatshops of those cities human beings were crushed in a system of almost incredible exploitation. They were often literally
slaves of the machines—working 12 hours a day by them, sleeping helP to safeguard the world mar
conditions of war, inflation, and lack of new capital. It was recently estimated that they could, with existing facilities, produce seven times as much as they now make if they obtained sufficient operating capital—which, in China, can only come with government sanction and support. Even under present limitations CIC has been able to contribute substantially to the Chinese Army's fighting power and to the common man's ability to hang on during nearly eight years of war.
Possibilities for the postwar years are limitless. In its own self-interest, labor everywhere should help to encourage movements like Chinese Industrial Cooperatives. In the remote villages and town of Honan, Chekiang, Kwangtung, and thousands of other hard-to-pro-nounce places lies part of the key to future security for workers in Detroit, Kansas City, and New York. By supporting cooperative production we help increase China's purchasing power and the demand for goods inside the Chinese market; we help to raise the working standards of Chinese labor; we
beneath them at night, dying beside them while still young. If they complained, hundreds of other starving ghosts were ready to take their places, and many of them were children sold to factory owners by destitute parents.
Through the cooperatives, thousands of China's working men and women have attained self-respect. They have won the social position of proud, free, honest toilers, and have a real stake in the freedom and independence of their country. Decent working hours, sunshine, good food, a cooperative school and clinic for his family, and the right to speak without fear—how can one compare that old life with the new existence of the Indusco worker? They are two different worlds, one of slavery and the other of freedom.
It has been the plan and practice of the industrial cooperatives, since their inception, to carry out a program for the industrial development of China's backward hinterland. Today the importance of such plans is being given its rightful place in world council meeting, like Bretton Woods and Dumbarton Oaks. The old idea of reserving industrialization for those countries fortunate enough to have achieved that stage before the 20th century has been recognized as a threat to both world security and economic progress. A full interchange of goods between free peoples with higher standard of living can bring a new era of unequalled abundance to all.
Adverse Conditions
Chinese Industrial Cooperatives have shown that they are able to carry on under extremely adverse
ket against duming of slave-labor products in competition with those of our own free labor.
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Canned Salmon Derby:! | Guess the 1945 Pack (
Starting now and lasting till Aug. 10, The Fisherman is J I sponsoring a guessing contest open to all readers. Here's J ( the question:
"How many cases of salmon will be packed in B.C. § this season?"
The answer is up to you with the two prizes (strictly jj cash) of $15 and $10 on the table.
It costs nothing to enter but the price of mailing the | form below to The Fisherman, 138 East Cordova Street, jj giving your name and address.
The question and the form are being published for jj jj three issues, starting today. You have till August 10 to 1 I mail your answers. No entry will be accepted which is jj 1 postmarked later than August 10. Every reader thus g jj has three chances, no more.
There is absolutely no catch to it. Keep a record of ( 1 your guesses and follow the pack report each week in j §j The Fisherman.
Final pack figures for the last six years were as fol- J | lows (figures represent 48-pound cases or equivalent):
Cases |
1944 .......................................................... l,084,855}/> 1
1943 ........................................................... 1,210,608
| 1942 .......................................................... 1,752,314
Hill .......................................................... 2,107,725
1940 ...................................................... 1,390,227
1939 .......................................................... 1,490,361
I think that ENTRY FORM the salmon pack in 1945 will
be .......................... .......... cases.
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Colorful Terms In Marine Insurance Policy Explained
Fishermen!
What does good water mean to you? The recent government laboratory test indicates that the water from our artesian well which supplies the Sointula oil station is entirely free from all impurities. Drop in at Sointula and fill your tank with water that is REALLY PURE. And don't forget that your dollars go further when you make your purchases at a "Co-op."
SOINTULA CO-OPERATIVE STORE ASSOCIATION
Sointula, B.C. General Imperial Oil
Merchandise Agents
THE growth of marine insurance has been very gradual and when it is realized that as far back as 1000 B.C. principals of marine insurance were incorporated in the Rhodian Law, it is easy to understand why some of the terms and expressions used are a bit complex.
Throughout the years arguments have been taken to the courts to get a clear explanation and definition of the various clauses in a marine insurance policy. The standard forms as they are today, are in their present form because the courts have laid down interpretations of them and, legally at least, their meaning is clear.
The development of the coverage is never more clearly defined than in the opening section of the policy which reads "Touching the Adventures and Perils which we . . . take upon us, they are of the Seas, Men of War. Fire, Enemies, Pirates, Rovers, Thives, Jettisons, Letters of Mart and Counter-Mart, Surprisals, Takings at Sea, Arrests, Restraints and Detainments, of all Kings, Princes and People of what Nation, Condition or Quality soever, Barratry of the Masters and Mariners and of all other Perils, Losses and Misfortunes that have come or shall come to the Hurt, Detriment or Damage of the said vessel."
ii ■ b ■ n ■ ■ a n ■ ■ •
Cummins Diesel
|Sales of B.C. Ltd.!
/
While many of these hazards appear to have relatives small importance these days, they are nevertheless included, and an explanation of some of them might be interesting.
"Perils of the Sea" refers to abnormal action of nature whilst at sea, and includes such things as storms and tempests, whereby you get excessive action of the sea, strandings, lightning which does damage without causing fire. Also under this heading comes collision caused through fog, darkness or ice. Here it must be remembered that as a peril, collision differs from coverage given against possible negligent collision between one vessel and another. Then there are damages due to sea water and tidal waves. It will be therefore noted that these perils of the sea are actually caused through natural effects of sea action.
"Men of War" refers not only to battleships but all weapons of war and devices that can be used at sea such as submarines, mines, aircraft, etc.
"Enemies" probably covers anything that is not covered by "Men of War."
"Fire" is probably the most feared hazard on the seas, and it is for this reason that so much stress is laid upon fire protection. Here the underwriter not only assumes the liability for the damage caused by the fire, but also damage resulting from it.
Dependable Marine Diesel Engines I 1832 W. Georgia Vancouver |
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Gill Netting
Direct or through the Canneries, specify
Stuart's "Irish" Flax
CUPRINOL
for the Protection of All Timber Against Decay and Dry Rot, and the Attacks of Wood-Destroying Tnsects. For Preserving Nets and Lines, Sails, Canvas, Awnings, Etc. Write, Phone or Call for Sample. Illustrated Folder and Prices.
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Balmoral Holol
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"Pirates and Rovers" takes us back to more romantic times and refers to acts of outlaws committed on the high seas.
"Thieves" should be interpreted to read more as "Robbery by Force" and is is not intended to cover pilfering by the crew or passengers.
"Jettison" refers to throwing overboard cargo or any article on board or the cutting away of masts or spars, to lighten the vessel in case of necessity.
"Restraints, Detainments of Kings, etc.," cover respectively, losses due to government action preventing the use of its ports or losses due to blockade, quarantine, or some such action while the vessel is in port.
"Letters of Mart and Countermart," refers to the authority given by belligerent nations to their citizens to recoup losses they may have suffered by their enemies. This practice was abolished by the Treaty of Paris in 1856 and the importance of this inclusion in the policy is very slight.
"Barratry" is the illegal act or criminal negligence of the Master or crew whereby the owner of the vessel or cargo suffers loss.
"All Other Perils." This is the most misleading expression in the policy but it undoubtedly means all other perils of the same or similar nature to those already set forth in the policy.
These explanations have in a general manner covered the list of hazards and next week we intend to give explanations of other parts of the policy.
We again suggest that these articles be clipped from the paper and used for future reference.
ISnermen I Cooperatively
Our Camps and Stores on the West Coast of Vancouver Island are ready to serve!
Kyuquot Trollers Co-operative Ass'n
Head Office: Victoria, B.C. Camps with Stores: Camps only:
KYUQUOT Tofino Ucluelet Klaskish
BAMFIELD Refuge Cove Winter Harbour
QUALITY TACKLE
wilt place you in the money I Look for the Name GIBBS
Makers of Good Tackle for Over 30 Years
Gibbs Tool & Stomping Works
290 WEST 3rd AVENUE VANCOUVER,