May 6, 1960
THE FISHERMAN
Page 5
First Commercial Use of Echo Sounder Telemeter
New Type Midwater Trawl Successful
A new type of one boat mid water trawl has been judged suitable for commercial fishing after a year long trial in the North Sea.
Promising catches of herring and sprat had been reported during experiments last year with the new gear. The gear consists of a high-opening nylon net, hydrofoil otter boards and an echo sounder telemeter, with the oscillator attached to the headline of the net for con-
PERU MEAL HITS DANISH EXPORTS
Peruvian fish meal exports are making serious inroads on traditional Danish markets, according to the Danish newspaper Kristelig Dagblad.
Quoting a Danish ministry of fisheries report, the paper says that since the beginning of this year lower priced, higher quality Peruvian fish meal exports have driven Denmark completely out of the United States and French markets. At the same time, Danish sales to Britain have been cut in half.
tinuous trawl-depth indication and fish detection. This new equipment allows fishermen a degree of accuracy in the operation far superior to former midwater methods.
The gear trials were conducted by the Institut fur Netz- und Ma-terial-forschung, Hamburg (Institute for Fishing Methods and Gear Research I for the West German ministry of food, agriculture and forestry, at the request of the Society of German Deep Sea Trawler Owners.
Most of the technical development and experimental work at sea was planned and supervised by Dr. Joachim Scharfe, gear technologist on the staff of the Fisheries Division of the Food and Agriculture Organisation.
SMALLER TRAWLERS' NEED
Basically, Dr. Scharfe said, the problem was to devise an economic way for the German trawler fleet to catch herring, sprat or any other pelagic (midwater) fish swimming higher than the reach of bottom trawls.
The main demand for such
means came from the smaller deep-sea trawlers which are not able to reach the distant fishing grounds off Greenland, Newfoundland and Labrador. It was also desirable to extend the herring season throughout the year to supply the herring processing factories and the fresh fish markets. Herring trawling had heretofore been restricted to the yearly periods when herring were not pelagic.
Midwater trawling with two boats, with the net towed between them, is an accepted method among North Sea fishermen. However, the two-boat method requires close cooperation between the two crews, and becomes risky in crowded fishing grounds and in bad weather. It also is unsuitable for larger craft.
BEGAN IN 1958
Experiments with the new gear, for one boat trawling, began in December 1968.
The basic problem in midwater trawling is to adjust the net accurately to the depth of the fish. This requires continuous indication of the depth of the net, and
A whale located by an echo sounding device is harpooned in the Antarctic
Japanese Whalers Make Record Catch, European Catches Generally Poorer
Although the six Japanese whaling fleets in the Antarctic left for home on March 26 with their largest catch of postwar years, European fleets generally reported poorer catches for the 1959-60 season. The Japanese fleets reported that bad weather had affected European catches, the European fleets themselves ascribed their failure to a scarcity of whales.
gear which can be quickly raised or lowered as desired.
The quick manoeuverability of the gear is obtained by the special design of the hydrofoil otter boards. The idea of the echo sounder telemeter, which is now being put to commercial use for the first time, has been used experimentally by other scientific workers. The present experiments included development of this method to commercial reliability.
The echo sounder oscillator attached to the bottom part of the headline to sound downwards indicates not only the depth of the net, but also the position of the ground rope and the fish in the net opening and below the net.
The connecting cable to the echo sounding unit in the wheel-house of the trawler is handled on large craft by an automatic electric winch. This enables the fisherman to know the depth of the net, to check if the gear is operating properly and to see if the fish are really in the path of the net. With some experience, he should also be able to estimate the rate of catch from the fish traces in the net opening and so determine the right time for hauling.
RESULT OF TESTS
Eight trips were taken with trawlers of 150, 600 and 1,400 hp to develop and test the new gear. Trawling was done in the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea at a speed from 3.5 to 4 knots. Catches ranged up to seven metric tons per haul. ; Dr. Scharfe said the new gear is expected to become a valuable means of extending trawling to periods when the fish are off the bottom and beyond the range of conventional bottom trawls. This should lead to increased economy in trawling, he said, through fewer interruptions of fishing due to unsuitable fish distribution, better exploitation of fishing grounds, extension of certain fishing seasons, and even by making new areas and fish stocks accessible.
DOGFISH LIVER TOTAL $145,780
A total of 1,457,793 pounds of dogfish livers was taken under the federal government's dogfish liver subsidy program which ended March 31, according to a revised report issued by the federal fisheries department.
With the subsidy at 10 cents a pound, cost of the catch to the government was $145,780, leaving $102,220 of the amount appropriated for the program unspent.
This was the first season in which the 15,000 unit overall catch limit set by the International Whaling Commission was inoperative due to withdrawal of Norway and the Netherlands. Poorer European catches, however, reduced earlier fears that the total catch might
Lifeboat Costs Up
For the first time since the Royal National Lifeboat Institute was founded, cost of running Britain's lifeboat service exceeded £1,000,000 ($2,700,000)    in 1959.
reach an excessive 17,000 or 18,000 units.
Total catch at April 7, when the season would have ended under International Whaling Commission regulations, was 15 437 units.
The six Japanese fleets took a total of 5,217 blue whale units, 179 units more than their 1958-59 catch and the largest catch of postwar years. Not all fleets of the three Japanese companies fared equally well, however, some exceeding and some falling short of their quotas.
The Norwegian catch at March 26 was given as 4,112 units.
Top boat catches were made by Soviet vessels, followed by Japanese ships.
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"GLOBELITE" Armor Plate is also available in a new designed Mono-Block container (see illustration), 8 volt battery with the latest ACID-LEVEL INDICATOR built into the special cover. This special acid level indicator makes it much easier to maintain the battery.
"GLOBELITE" Armor Plate Mono-Block is available in two capacities—200 AH and 250 AH (APA 11 and APB"11).
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Attention, All Fishermen
We have the largest stock of WAR SURPLUS goods in Canada. Hundreds of items, too numerous to mention, are on sale in our big BARGAIN BASEMENT every day at prices that represent only a mere fraction of original government cost. Come in and look around.
Life Jackets—As used by Canadian Navy. Brand new. Government cost over $40. ...... $4.35
Army Blankets — Now. All-wool blankets in mottled grey color. Size about 60 \ 82 ins. Each ____________$3.95
Boat Cushions — Brand new. Non-sinkable seat cushions. Each _......S.....___________ $125
Insect Repellent — Keeps mos-quitos away. As used by U.S. army. Per bottle____________ 19c
Air Mattresses—Strong plastic air mattresses, easily adjusted. Assorted colors________ $3.98
Fishern.en's Aprons — Waterproof aprons, full cut, with bib. Woith 2.50________$1.49
Rubber Gloves—Gauntlet style, strongly made Reg. 2.50 . $1.95
U.S. Navy Flashlights — Complete with two batteries. Reg. 1.98 ........ ..___ , 79c
U.S. Navy Waterproof Pants —
Brand new. Bib style____$6.95
Parkas — Complete with hood to match _......_.......________ $7.95
Kit Bags—Rubber lined, large size, Reg. 2.95 ________________' $1.98
Army Rations — Concentrated energy food rations of chocolate bars, etc. In airtight tins. Per tin ____________________ 10c
U.S. Army Sleeping Bags —All-wool inside, water - repellent (over.______._________$5.95
Men's  Rubber  Knee  Boots —
Popular with fishermen. First quality, pre-tested boots with black uppers, red soles, solid rubber heels. Sizes 6 to 12. Per pair________$3.95
Rubberized Dunage Bags' — Extra large size________$2.49
Ground Sheets— Genuine U.S. army waterproof PONCHOS 'ground sheets) size 72 x 72. Also used as raincapes .. $2.49
Labor Demands Action on Jobs
MONTREAL.—Canadian Labor Congress committees showed themselves to be far out of touch with the feelings of rank and file unionists, judging by some of the policies they placed on the floor at last week's CLC convention and the way delegates reacted to them.
In the first afternoon's debate three resolutions were sent back to committee for change, others were strongly criticised and in a further instance, a resolution given verbally was shelved until delegates could see it on paper.
The Toronto Globe and Mail reported: "Militancy and muscle flexing was the dominant mood of the 1,600 delegates to the Canadian Labor Congress convention today. Congress leaders had to pull at the reins as delegates demanded action on resolutions calling for central strike funds and for Congress endorsement of a policy against crossing of picket lines."
The rein pulling came on the second day as top spokesmen for the CLC executive moved in early during debate on contentious resolutions to help with their passage.
This doesn't mean that the Canadian Labor Congress didn't pass some good resolutions. It did. But it was clear from the early recommendations that where policies expressed a continuation of nothing more than the status quo delegates were not content to accept them. COMMITTEE OVERRULED
One of the resolutions referred back came before the convention with a motion of non-concurrence. In its original form, it would have put the convention on record "to
are looking for the kind of leadership needed now when over 750,-000   are   unemployed," Charles Stewart of Vancouver stated, urging amendment of the resolution. "Diefenbaker   said    no man would   be  hurt   (by unemployment)   if he was elected," another   delegate    reminded the convention. "As long as a man is unemployed, he should get unemployment insurance."  He reported that his union could only tell   members  who  had been dropped from unemployment insurance rolls to apply for social assistance.
"We should tell Diefenbaker that he had better get off his fanny and live up to his promises," a Vancouver unionist declared, "or we'll have our new labor party going by 1961 and we'll get him to hell out of there."
The motion went back to committee after a unanimous vote by delegates.
A few minutes later, the same committee lost a motion to refer to the executive a recommendation that would make workmen's compensation boards employers for purposes of the Unemployment Insurance Act. The convention said no, the committee held a brief caucus and brought the original resolution back to the floor with a motion of concurrence which was
press immediately for changes in
the (Unemployment Isurance) Act I carried immediately and regulations so that all insurable unemployed workers receive benefits, regardless of the number of contributions they may have made."
The committee said it could "not
agree that benefits should be paid
regardless of stamps" because it
was "not fair and would have an
adverse effect on the fund." "There is no sense looking on
this like an insurance adjuster,"
one delegate complained.
"Wasting money on Bomarcs that won't work instead of spending it on workers who are willing to work," was condemned by another unionist. A member of the Rubber Workers Union from Toronto declared
that the government had a "social
responsibility,"   adding   that the
burden of unemployment "should
be placed on the employer." The
money, he said, should "come from
the boss who is making outrageous
profits."
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BASIC   POLICY DIFFERENCE
A basic difference of policy on approach to the unemployment insurance fund was evidenced in a third reference back of a resolution proposing that "unemployment insurance benefits be carried on for the duration of a worker's period of unemployment."
The committee contended that the Act would become an "unemployment assistance act" and instead favored a program of retraining workers and other measures to meet today's problems.
With only one exception H. Waisglas of the United Steelwork-ers Union who expressed concern over depletion of the fund, delegates favored putting the onus on the federal government for meeting the issue of unemployment. It was clear that unionists as represented at the convention were not in the least interested in the kind of buck passing that has made the country's unemployed nobody's responsibility.
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