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議,謹議,lim1
:ス
TOKYO What succss
^n芸9h? r^d 一 t h笑k no;I lying thd
janをag《t^0,bellふstirse1 how,
iheレapanise th,nk,1have
civ oldもIn the nov!$af1d
short 3toliれs , h?ive set In
Japan, switching over to Ja-
panese side, as ーt we,e,きd
mating mズJapanese charac-
ters sでeaズto each other sts
If in their own ーanぬliaぬe. I
haven、t dared attempt It and
一realize that not doing so
limits me toぬlving a one,
sided picture of J aでan.
In his novel cipaミoなs 0/
f/je woz/cyay, Donald Richie
chose to msik6 his main ch»r,
actersレaでanese and so most
of the dialogue is suででosed
to be in their language. Richie
deals with theでrotDlem ad-
roitly. He keeps the English
streljぬプt, and in the mamner
of Foster captures the rhythm
ofしaでanese conversation, and
occasionally stsぬests, ever so
slightly, aしaでanese sでeech
mannerism. A t>etcher t5y
and a maid are talking aびout
his work, when suddenly the
b5y changes the SUCTjのct amd
says, "She hatesョe,: mean-
ing the cook, who had not
bsen mentioned for sonT5
time, yet is in both their
minds. The maid, as a Jap-a-
nese would, knows the CTOズis
sでeakinぬof the cooズand
doeひnot in the w?em way
asズ,:\A/h07--びut answers,
しames Melville alwo records
しap-anese conversations in
English, and in 77?e cュ/ysひゃ
f>emiym cz7to/>7 he has Hanae,
superintendents 0tani、s wife
saズto her hust>and, :GO and
retum!" A translation of /7fe
/>assz£/, an expression aしa-
でanese wife would, of course,
use I and one a Western wife
would not. This is fine, rout
now and then Melville sliでs
c卩For instance, he has Otani
saズto a subordinate, -ニニllet
youズnow any time you、re not
under my.command, my dのar
insでector That willでroびaCTIy
t5 when Iぬet rid of you at
last. I hear they needぬiぬoーos
in th加t new bslr iコTokyo for
;ー0nMyrw吝かj1;;i:^才界,e蓉ー,美
^ar^,さfjtん洛きま蕃承;芸,
iKひぃ爪nせーsh ^tdln在ュdA^nt,
至"ひmーohtwがllt sず尝,
ent, whQ, it >10 waiュted to rep"
ュョeind如sutH^ーnate,wotJd
do s6 obllqudiy nloitbl8^tar^tーy
andsfarca9tloallyv An "nspひc,
tor way^ to a young C0n9"a^ーe
aびoiit another IndiDector, "And
rーー kick hーs arse for him next
time 一 see hi3.: A Japanese
would not use such em exでres •
sion of dlsresでect aびout a
colleague to an inferior. He
might well Imply his feeilnぬs,
t>ut not In this way.
cーllveーー、8 L.angua9e广essolls
Does this matter? The!d00k
is written for readers who
have no idea toCTOUt the cir-
cumlocutions of tfieしaでamese
tプatしaでamese P61ーce officers
us® sarcasm and Western
terms of toCTUSe. I think it does
matter b-ecause dialogue of
this kind makes Otani and thの
inspector seem more roritish
^hanしaでanese and, therefore,
unreal. The noveーist hais the
responsibility to give as true
aでo ptrait ofしaでanかnd the
しap5nese但s he can.
しames CI a veil in SA?ogfcn to
a certain extent follows the
广aurentian method in that he
interlards his diaーo?e with
foreign wordsびut,仁nliズe
厂awrencp he overdoes it. At
times it seems ttiat CI a v el-
wants toぬive a Japanese
lews on:
、7/faぬa o^esc zfa. How arの
ズou? OTIackthorne asked. 0/5-
sひ/7. /Ana、ひVYひ? Very w^ll,
thank you, andズou?" And
thus the transー边tion method
goes on for an other halfでaぬe.
At other times the author
adds aしaでanese word to the
end of a sentence. The matron
ofllord Toranaぬw、s ーadies-jn-
w a 一 ting says」n reply to h^r
master-s remark that she is
eletting fat: -,l.ord Toralnaga!
ーコfront of厂ord1.0da! Oh, so
sorry, I shall have to commit
seででuズu, or at least, ril have
to shave my head and become
a nun, and 一 thought I was
woズounぬand slender!-- She
CTUrst Oct lauぬhinぬ.:Actu如lly
一ひぬrG6 I have a fat rumでbut
wh&、 can 一 do? Iさ,ーlks
Ailiーr^awh,主,iltii!AH,8^^
扩np,ーe3氣iidmy/s奮ai/7,/^Jj^c
访h, offered the cha, "Thel*.
ぎwー、 II be off.冬oliーdyou
llk,ョe to send tまL免dy
SRUko?- : ぶ•;
On occslons Lord Tprarla-
vfーctorian fatherv031e like
Mr. Mo u It on Barrett: "send
them both out of the castle.
At once! Sendさ©3 J
No, lodgethi at an ーnn I a
tョrd.class inn I and tell
them to wait there until一send
for them. Dlsぬcstinぬ!でlmでs
wanting toび^ samurai.? Filthズ
peasants don、t know their
でlace any more."
Translators, Task
cーavell might hきgiven
more thouぬht to the effect
of his dialogue, CTUt its inaで-
でroで_latenesses and anachro-
nisms have not affected sales;
aでpsrentfズthefre tore seven
mi三on COIDiew of s/700fi//7 in
でrint. That a t50k set in16th
century Jaでan should receive
such wide attention is salut-
ary; it is a iDity, though, that a
trashズhistorical novel should
do so instead of, for example,
a sでーendid work like17?e zv/s-
fo/y 0/ Jひでan b>y that CTr三iant
historian andしal3anoloぬist
Sir George Sansom.
Translators, of co匚rse, must
solve theでroびlem of dialo-
gue, although they don、t
have to invent it. Examでles
of the t>est way to deal with
the p>ro_Dlem can b-e found in
Edward G. seidensticl<er、s
translation of Murasaki shi-
!^bu、s >A fa/e 0/ Gen/7, the
late -sn Morris、 translation
of Yukio Mishiョa、s 77?の?.eョ-
and Howard HiCTCTet、s transla-
tion of Yasunariスawat-ata、s
Junichiro Tanizaズi、s seくez?
Jaでひ/7ese fa/es.lコall these
the dialogue is excellently
treated, especially in seiden-
stjcker、s monumental work,
in which it is pleasingly ele,
gant.
In my opinion, it does not
helでto trarVslate aしaでanのse
dialect, say Kansai,t-en, into
ぴroad Yorkshire, for examでーの,
or into the sでeech of a south-
ern state of the U.S. Dojコぬso
takes the story riぬht out of its
m三eu, which is a mistake.
writing ot,conversations in
Engーisゴamongしaでanese, or
anズotプer nationality, for that
matter,でrのsents aでroびlem,
one to wプich morのtflouぬh神
needs to CTeぬivのn t>v- novel-
ists.
,.へメ",んリタ:ケ、ぶー..
- . ...V--:ハ,:.ソに、..っ、...ス、」ーご.;
"J?菱泰繁f?暴
"l恭ま暴c箭wl,vp.
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い.y舊6hib:吝s8
寐
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