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33
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Part I:
R> ノ..
llー :)ーvにーd
ョま.メプ;;ーTー
§ \-さ一
Japan-ぶへ「,jT〉.
T:vザ』一
a: a一一ーラ"ー^?ノ
r1ーーョー.,
For Bole
rdi8 Coats,
suits & Skirts
Direct Fro8 Factory
SolSWOHlOCOTHeniB
^Mtk Floor
IwtuI oat.
Wo0td the for OS.菱
!ceH7Ba of ?ュ
Alb si pits C8?ct:
Ma-oc9iepy3)
I3BI8*
Fhe New csadian
*T*Ql.EEz ?311:3'-K> TOKOノTO 一31,OノT.
33Me find rnclsed S 鸣or wlkictl
。Renew my sntscrlpuon. 】
n Eats- S3T ne鸡sabs2iption for year/mo nth 5
狡.嚣for six months 參S9.豕ヌr year.
aAME {MR. MRSミss》 I ____
IHHKKS., ,_____ :_ _______ _____
33 ZOXB NO.
3STS3 ______J
THB NEW C A N API A 2
FFtgy,M芽h 24It?
had he*n net in motion sealed the fates of Hif8Mrs §d Nassaki.
"plefoFewoinlT-,eFe thA i3tallprtanけP0ーiu2a a ik j military events
whkh precede4 tSe bombings.さe argument that the hoョb woulci
wave Americanlives ws closely tied to the plan to invade Japan
proper.
Indl<xfent of the development of the atomic hombvthe Join冲
OKiefa of SUiffプad drafted up invasion pian to -in May which, hsi
been &|>px;overt by president- TFUョan onレune18. These plana cxtiled
for ,. major」an^ invtsion of Southern Kyushu, beginning on Nov.
1,folkwl by another one of the Kant« or Tok》,o region in the
«fhe main sai p t ion u mlerly iHK these pia PS primarily held
by army personnel,NvfG-that..Japa画n hslto he」m.s^c^ amioccupied
hero re she could he forced to suまnなer.
our of tプe Japanese .g^rTis2t画of120,iIKミけroops in .Okinawa,
IIO,OGO went <lo\vn fightir-K in the defense of Okinawa; tHe United
States herself hadlostIO,OOOョen in oetion.
Once the United - Statんvr invaded Jaでan proでelv so」t was argued,
ひa80aIt y rates wouldびe equalーy..hi.f?プor -even- hifff-erびpoause the
Japanese wcukf. fight in fanatic-<一。5;>oration in.llefeゴse -rtheir
hi eland..
Yet .even at-that:time-certain key peoでlevmost of whomュverc
■ naval,wepo of the-opinion th at-the . p 一 ;ie<i ,ii-.a.んions \\.ミ?,ミ1-0-
cesaary to brinK.ahout J-apan-s.-surrゥミーer-lbelLevーーlg that aneffeotive
navalt^lodttcie .窗laerialぎョhaHョe-t ノvcre sufficient.
AmohK these .peopip, .the-re wvre: Jaョes Forrest.al,secretary.
of the.Navy;.G2K-ralっarー A.S)Klats:, Coniョan二iiIX .(】21era1,U.S.
■Ar3y..Air "OF0e;.a!ld Admiralノvvョiaョ1》.riahv,.ンノlくtニ Chief of
Staff. .,
Alーョinll..Le.ahy, for cxにmple, has -TittelK
ーt. is . my . op i.一lien .t }lat. the iise of this bal-barods weapon at
Hi !S0 shi ma a-< I...Sfag IISilk.i was -f一ミ.materia! assistance. in our.ノva,
against Jalsn. Tーs .lapョles.e:were already <lefeato<f a-Kl ready tーr
lsFTeーーder because of-, t fie画画画e ff IK. live-sea bl a ok ad e.a一id國the.si 一 cce,ムsful
Thc.u.nitod State s..Stlatつw 一 ? I 一 01,- b in ^ survey report, desipnled.
to evaluate- th.e..efftxぶ.ivclie,ム3 cl,-.:lcriaー- b.onltlinK .ami .pn j-uly
1.,.1946,.t;ollfirnl2「Adョiraー -Ixslh》.--s-.ju<fKnle-r,lt s.aid: ノ
It s ec一IKS. c. 一 ear .■■.:「that .air stl"l"eョacy aミlit. .s .hit e.r .exploitation
-oyi2* .Japali「prcでer .was:- t he.「11】a jo r. fac. tor . which, deu-rョi.nellニhe
timーpg of Jnp,an-8 MlrreョlcT ami -hviatli alーy m;>e<i iror ilhvilヒonた
■liase<l:olla,《let.ailtHー i-v5ti >nation of-all. the .facts an" suョ》ortt^r
by. the .uvltin.umy .of the vurvivinK .Japanっs?.le.a(lors is volvさ|, .it」s
tlfle.wurvっy-ーs oだi.-i.olrtll.at cl.-ー.taill,ly prk-r to"u. Dot-eョber."i】4,"lru1
in"ilマ.prぃbabニity p r i or: to ..〖.No* v .ember .104r>,.-Ja.p,a- would have
ノpurTprKーereュevenニf. the. atoミic-プ,vnlus:hadミ).t be011 dropped, e\.en
.if Russia.htui no t.e-ter 0<,.the Aval.V」-1(1-.ev 2, if」10 invasionプad.been
plaミ至0r:s-.u-ョplat2i.ーーー-:...
I>uri nK國一.he:.ョolit hs_ of Mily,Jlョ.cvaミl-JUーy, ニle ....key deci.sio.l)-
nrav;era iバevケr. om-e:q.uesti三lcHー-ニ.he- wisdom o,ー ill"-theふtoョic
.hoョb. Di sous it i ells. \V 2 ,v. always ..about, how ami-who 11to UJ.-e it,.llot
a.hout the .moralque.suo- -of wきther we sli.hー or m>t.-
ln.<icscril>illK. t.he.-sviollt,〖fic「l\lllers iM ay, ;u. moot i 11with .the,
Interim Coョ.ョitteIV...ArtKl-r H.ノっoョptoa has .,yrittl:l:
",ThFoug.ーuーut-ニile--ョーーvー-iーlR..グ.discuJ!ssiol-.s it -sっel-s a fon,Hーo】KZ
comニusio.-ー that th,e bombンvolーid 1Kvlぶ2ー,:ー」
•.•ditl1ever hear.it SUPKlrsuズl.by「the r!vsi.(lent, 01-.bik, ally, othel-
.responsitll?memhor of -the ,0yer.三-eut, thai- atoョic t?n.prgy .should
.not- ho used .-in. t.heンくJーr.....,lhe:lKTissibーe at.oョic ..weaてo-.. was. collsicj-.
erぇto.なe .a new and:.tt.e-lcミーluーsly powerful.e,\p.losiv。. aslew.iti-
ョatolis. alーv. ether of. the-,dv-;ldiv ,xpーosive weilpoーl:v of 30<len】
..Th,」ーocisio-,.ョak2.s"ニsoニaiーtHi in t.\vo_-t.hercl.uciaJ mattt;s:
N ct.o.-ly ,diユーh -ever: q IK ぶt.ic.- tllゃ.wisdom-ofニーs"i-れ.thp: bomb,
.tlley.画-lu?ぐerニーcubtoHl.-that biothノlKmーbs 8-1さー(11>0..ゥョ1ニ0》-2广.the.
tit-ne.thp- Jutyに『ー0コーer」,vas is,sutHf, two-bonーhswere tvady, aョー.-out...
of .the four selcH-tod target citio. two .werf to bo hit.
.This ; us,ilーI>t ion-\v, as., rw ■ nfon; tメ 一 ..by th?.llotiolニhat:if.both
were, used, -t.hcづAlii 51t hrea.ti-. to. destroy. J aでa-〔.:\vol一Id.lbe1110 re
■■crtHiible. .。et3any of course -had- s.lーrT2Klerod-0.11Silay S. .Thus..the
.-CMUe!stioIV安toプow:Jーョi when, to use.hot.11bombs wasソolニy-in repatx?
to Japan.
,Tプe..clスisioーマミakelrsニニso:diニ -otrotai- co-ttol over t.he-tinYiーーp:.
At .tプtー vゥry 50me-t whっlt Jュづim A\.a;s「seeking ,ム1ーョゥkind .of.
tical-tiecisioh メvn5丄0ftiitv-th.e ,haュdslT-f「fiっ.kー—eorffTnKTriーlefy 1.——,— ■..
As orlKi-ally pian nr.i, t he. ■ firstブoョb wに.s to1ズーdroミUM so.nl?
bu^ hecjiUso .of weather conニitiplー:s.leavill" the Jaー》a.ne"e poverllョeーlt
lesvs than th!ve days to.ョak.e-.a-ョajo r polーt.iつnlIKVisio-. An 二 ,J;? it.
-プappeju,d Japan.-otil,ioil the.u-iuxi st.n.te.s of .its intention to .acceでt
the PotAhim r>cv,larati 0-1ハミ.A up. ,10, the da>: after Nagasaki..
surrender Terns.
A t.lo,AOlook at tプe filialケurtvmie.r terrns is even .ョorc reve:u-
in". As. early OS.》lr\y. thetv■プaュ-boonミ10ffkニヒpoa,..e fVelers. from
theレapane^e side-
on Julylに.Uie .first official-iflュicatio- apponrolー.On tプat
d梦te.F0rvig1v Minister Topo- c:ーブltxi thl- .ー;lpaiーe、e Arnh:kJ5.;-,>r .to
Sato, was iミtnK-ttノI .to inform Fweipm.coョョ一,ムar .MOlotov
.tyatニプe .Kmporor.h〖-ョ,Aelf vkニsプodクメ.,<0ミ1a.sp5ニa1envoy .-to. Moscow.
でr this pcrlH>«o. Thーs cable, in part fo;i 一 :rruvn」it i on,a 一 surrsuief
u" the only otkstac), to lvace.:ー"
Havinp .ニeciv-プCT.0^1 thtv-JJ-psnese cwielっngケゥforvv tプゥ.United
suttc* wa* aware of this alit I suケ!?o.lluent cables lK*t\v,.M1Tokyo and
》10 a cow. At the hgrt of the "ohat ode" W8 the qsati25..0"-Jh5
future ,ムtntus of theImperialinstitution, the ー;er^ matter whjch hi
concerned both Grew and stiョ80n but vdiich S3ef of State
Bvrnes had <iismissed. , , : ?fl〜f,
•on AiiK.1<V in her acceptance of the Potsdam Deoー a rat5n,
Japan stated that .-the snid declaration does n".t ^ョJa,J9e §y
demand whk-h prejudices theでrepog8tivBB of Hia Majgty a a a
severeiJ?n Ruler."ニ . r . . rt- ",
suh(mlinatillhiョto the authority of the Supreme Allied com-
Hanson W. Baldwin, the military cntic of the Nゅw yoat
T"iョes, hisョadゅthe foliowinpT judgrsent about Ujis sequence:
we droppedthダboョbat a time when Japan alreejyリ,as ISTJ^
t i at in" for an end of the war buthefor© thosene8:otlatl"s jould
come to fruition. We demanded uncomlit;iona1SUFTender, thゅn dj^l^
でIHIty!e bo nib and accented conditionalsurrender, w sequence
ilKーic.ate,ケてrettv clearlv thaけtlie Japanese wouy have SJJ^ndeJ^,
even if the bomb had not hecnきopず,had the Pottoda3 Declaration
includedolーrl)roョLse to P6rョit the EョPOTOr to remain onlus Im-
perial .tー1ronev,> ,,,ミ.ト. ?
さlーshistorv doesnotsupportT2ョalくs justifications: the
atonーk-lミョbinK,sんiュ一St shorten the war, and hence did aot save
ュhきsands and thmisamfs of AョeFicanlives.-
lchioka Opinion
Many conflicting interpretations os to why the bombs wのre
《iropjjtズl..llave .beeii.offered.- --,- 」
Ono scプolar, forexaョちe, contends that;叶hey were dropped
toプlack mail〖he scn.iet Union into complying withAa^n9aJn
JH-heョesforpcstwur Europe,llotprimarニyto end the Pacific
war.: : :-
Hut whatever the intかn)retatiollmay he, one thln的,in my opl-
iiii-n:scems beyond dispute: the use of the boョびs w.as an expression
of the Am eriやa- :0 V e rk i I r psychology.
1】v "overldir I s ill一ply mean the American method of applylづg
ュ(ニenc7andtcchnolos^ytox!ostroy and killinけhe most systematic
a lid e i-fi ci elit possible. •■■
liohi-d this melitfclity, ther? noんouI>tlurked Facisrlmages of
thp Japanese whicプmade it, if not easier, to drop the. bombs on
J.apiu】-atleastlesstro匸blesoline totheA.ゴlericaa co nsci e ace oiter
ノ T2iav we see the saョethi】lJ3T repeating itge】f in the Ind?GflinB
war, we.haづeheelrusiュ卞deadlylleメv -,eapons in th,most: savage
-KillゴeTill.southeast ■ Asia..
The AmericalrrまIsi to My Lai andLt. C.a一ley only confirms
alーOM hUtorical attitude: being hiキe :g00ks,ー、 Asians are-less
thanhln-:lllbeings, amiso the American conscience need not; even
be in-itate(ー..
Iiiadditioii,w e have Heard tlie samのargument usえby pl.e-
sidっllt .Tn mi■ aIV .to. j u Mi fy. the画d r opだ.ing-of tVte atomic boョbs applied
to th,lll(kl-chil】a War.ltrjust;yinjrthe invasion of Cambodia in
the SI)rillp of1970, presideづt Nixon said:ふI外ンvillshorten thiw w^r.
It.will.red lice A m p ri c an., casualties.*:"
Ifthっhcix: of vietllaョizMtion fails——as U surely willI;. U
i,ムnot .ilK-ollceival^le tプat PresidentソixoTInliゅht resort to^ tactical
-uelea-.. ■\veaps)S..Aft2' all he. has vo iced .プi s: d e tA F3i nation ■■ .not!
tー- be thefit.st President tolo?e aメvar. If such should come toづass,
he will.lyrobatly drcHーl?e. up. the saョe a.rsuョent to justify his.actions.
In a-alreKュy devastated vietづaョv,プ6se peopleプave soffepcd
■frt>ョ-c oillit1e,カs 一 :x rneri can: barbarities, the: incalculable .ho tTor: of
Hi ro shi nia and Naちisak it hen willbe T epeated.
Th蒙canal I it
SUB80230N
$£>• n Year
$d.s fミSix Mo nth a
T, UMSXUKI if
Engl£ I SMtis-星o,
KEN MCRl
J a PCSs Sect km星tor
479 QSBMN ST. W皮T
T—豕備ISS, oミ.
B?3 £005
Male Help Wanted
Japひnのse canadicss •.
uvhc-lp a-1.piilTy. .the -voice of Oie
ncw?Canadians is a,short pne ^nd.
:thtノ.h-..lョョミk.al:strさ,et.h .so -in-
さハ-.ョt.a-t t,hat the federal..go-
vernョe-t (durill;;-.the secoa(r
wovlli.:w.ar):ノvnれつWe to single.
No WarOlause .:
stu.h an., amendment wocld
.ョaーんe .?apaneije. troops eligible to.
t:ikeづart iiith, defense of South
Kolv;l..c5 op or?it ion wプich has
been :sarkHionod by .the United
the :noTwar" cbyse,プe reinter-
:しrvttズi.it after ノtプe outbreak of.
tプe Korean War in1950 to allow
Jav-yn toプav,? forces, to defesl
its own soニ. Japan*s present
:;Hニf-ーーefen?e: got thteir start
under American auscices in1950.
一ズnowゴat tプe tiョe 0$ the *• police
Tvsotve", they were set- up to
dealwithleftwLng d eョoust ra-
tions ザy Japanese against the
THREE 9rdenep.B helpers f.
ed. Phone 533,7651(T。FO菱.
F替ale Help Wanted
ALTBRArsN sd coir gSti
fo, dry eles!fi store, phi^
536,2989 (Toronto).
ROQB To Let
THREErs曰flat Mpsu
entrance, one block to shoppe
W orId PIAs. Phone 363.
after 6, phone 444,32$0 (Tor
toy
For Sale
HEALTH FORCED SALE
IDEAL FORSUMMER CAMP
200 acres estate 3mpl€tely
ぶuipped and furnished. GeoTsltn
■Bky area .at .Waluh-aush2w:Mo-
dern Bun 忡 a low. Urge harn- falー
farming eq吾sfslt with 3 tr*v
tors as id件ruck* I&ealfor summer
oamp. Immediate Poe8e8fco?
2,ひ00 younw f3it trees, excellent
value, prse iotiable. Tel
239,2364 (Toronto).
rescinding .outノlimited, .citiien-
sプip aT-d. movinia all6f us away
fromひurlsmes.;
Apart from theloss ofプomeM
ョKi、 property,- .Aoki .:.sald、.little
cひnsid?i.ation .has been, given to
the p-sycholbgica.lcarnage:
This..served..he said,、 to curtail,
the .ability of Japanese..めansuli-
ぉl:o fuil^ronilt,5—tl^eir .full, po-
tential ..and has .limited -their
contributi。.n t awards Canadian
■socis- .as a whole.:
Aoki..&aid the. experience .-of
J.apenese-Canadians is uni<l.ue in.
.canれdiim .history..
.But he. Wa3ed-:- "we -,ouw
t>e .remi55. in our dut;iesV if we
do -not warn 0tプBT8 that, even
in .this relatively enlightened
nation, citiiensプip camsけhe
tねk巾n ^5r grants oad that, full一
participation .oa citizensla. pos-
sible onl."after sudTtLJS that
aーlethnic groups, majorities andl
minorities, .recogt-ize ..and re8丄
pect as valid, those specialracial一
qualities inherent in allpeoples'一
:Major efforts must 國n5deー
——eづen at tプe late <late 11 to一
rectify some of the dalHlfie t?一
nictjlon our f13t eitizsa,**!
Aoki 5Aid 一
r巷se
cauiag NJ»ei or Sansei derk
typist. We arelook in? for a
youn" reliable Ni豕i or 3asi
girlwho can type 50 WPM
or better and. willing, to Ic^ru,
Trfiveltrade. Japane$Is.
gsge is s asset but not
460 Dosu* St w多
Thos.T.ひDIMuka、 Q.c
BARRISTER, SOLI C 一 TOR I
NOTARYさBLーC
12t RICSICND ST.
, TORONTO1
A HAPPY EASTER TO YOU Ac.
EAST9DIV2BWO
Hi rまhi一
provi-ce: of .ソー
T.さfollowed一
years he has
What hコ
million poo PI
at a presuーーl
private, btxh.o
So we. d
1ま7 the:ョョl
The- the cu
.gesteli we -c(
yip na.tiっl
here .aisle"-
What Is
.Most ;ip
■■disadvantage
■he re 二 h. an i
life as-.\\±l,
二 aml.c
was:きleln
When m>, s
ョtゃfo, ihe
gressive nat
and. service:
.the..events -
ョuー)i.tyなlゴ
ささa.んー一】
じゴpぎaーマl
Kレt ir
-っr :っソ:hi
.1apぃr.んぺc:.ー
fa."ぃ-ty
リにぃ5;
How lsv_
":ンr.s,;
f Kリ;r
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