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JANUARY 4, 1952
NAZI AND ARAB LINK-UP IN LATIN AMERICA
BY   DR.   ISRAEL  GOLDSTEIN,  OF   NEW YORK,   CHAIRMAN,  WORLD  JEWISH
CONGRESS AMERICAN BRANCH
I must draw your attention to the grave problems which, as a result of existing international tensions, now beset our fellow Jews in many Latin American countries. There are in various places centres of Nazi activity which are constantly being reinforced by German immigrants both from Germany itself and from other countries, especially the Middle East, where Nazi activists have hitherto found refuge.
In addition to German technical experts who are now widely employed, men whose past has been marked by active participation in the Hitlerite movement, occupy important and influential positions in government institutions. Nazi propaganda is conducted on a large scale. There are in South America Nazi publishing houses from which issues a constant stream of propaganda and periodicals, which openly advocate the revival of Nazi ideas, and not only poison the local atmosphere
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but are disseminated throughout the world.
There is little doubt that the centre of the international Nazi movement is now in Latin America, and this movement has established close co-operative relations with Arab communities settled throughout the continent, and in some countries more numerous and more politically influential than the Jewish community.
All this has resulted in attacks of the gravest character on the status and economic security of Jewish communities, especially those consisting largely of people who during the past few decades have sought refuge there from discrimination and persecution in Europe. Scarcely a week passes without the receipt by our office of examples of violent anti-Semitic propaganda in the press, some threatening the ruin and destruction of Jewish communities which have slowly and painfully been built up.
In dealing with these attacks, through representations to the governments concerned and through the sympathetic co-operation of the democratic administrations of neighbouring countries, notably the U.S. itself, the Congress has been in a position to render important service. Sometimes our immediate intervention has napped anti-Semitic enterprises in the bud, which, if allowed to grow, might have had the direst consequences.
Let me cite only one example. Some months ago there was an election in Bolivia, in which the leading candidate, who succeeded in getting almost half the votes, was a notorious Fascist and anti-Semite who, as the documents uncovered by  American  troops  in Germany demonstrated, during the war had been in close association with the Nazi Government   The election was marked by widespread anti-Semitic  agitation  and  even other parties for electoral reasons felt it expedient to join in the competition  for the anti-Semitic vote.
The administration still in office announced a series of economic   measures   directed   against naturalized citizens  as  well   as foreigners which, if put into effect, would have spelled the total economic ruin of the Jewish com* muinty.   The World Jewish Congress immediately and vigorously intervened with the President of Bolivia, with the Bolivian representatives in Washington and at the United Nations, and secured the sympathetic help of a number l of other governments. �     The threat, I am glad to re-1 port has, for the moment, been averted. A revolutionary, military government is for the moment in office, and it knows that the goodwill of democratic opinion in other countries will be affected by its attitude to its Jewish and other minorities.   But  we  must  continue to watch the situation with the utmost vigilance, and in doing so give all the support we legitimately can to the liberal elements in the country itself. Bolivia, is only one example,  from among   others   we   could   quote, which   demonstrate  that   if  the World Jewish  Congress  did not exist, it would have to be created. The whole  situation in Latin
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THE CANADIAN JEWISH REVIEW
America is complicated by the concerted security measures which many of its governments feel it necessary to develop in the present situation of international tension. Measures of this kind have been, and still are, under study by the Organization of American States, which includes all the governments of the Western Hemisphere except Canada and the small colonial administrations in the Carribbean.
Its headquarters are in Washington, and all the governments participate in the Pan-American Union, which acts as an administrative and research centre for the Organization. From time to time, important conferences of Foreign and other Ministers of all these states gather to concert measures to deal with the problems which are the inevitable result of existing international tensions.
There is a growing tendency, especially marked in some of these states, to combat the infiltration of what are regarded as subversive movements by taking measures against those of their inhabitants who were born in Iron Curtaini countries and in restricting their freedom of movement across frontiers. These measures are directed, as often as not, against naturalized citizens long settled in these countries as well as more recent immigrants.
Since persons born in Eastern and
Central Europe constitute a large proportion of the existing Jewish communities, and since anti-Semites are not slow to exploit the possibilities of this situation, you will have no difficulty in appreciating how grave may be the impact of these measures on Jewish life in some countries, and this is especially true of the Carribbean area. In an effort to secure protection for innocent people who may become the victims of undeserved suffering and discrimination as a result of these measures, we have been in constant touch with the Pan-American Union and I am glad to be able to convey to you the assurance that a number of governments with whom our representatives have discussed the problem, notably the U.S., Uruguay, Chile and Peru, have expressed their determination to secure adequate protection, for ethnic, cultural and religious minorities.
Both before and during the last Conference of Foreign Ministers summoned by the Organization of American States, we presented carefully formulated proposals, after consulting with many high officials, intended to secure these ends. And I am glad to say that a memorandum which we presented to the Pan-American Union which has the task of elaborating certain common security proposals, is now under sym-
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