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THE CANADIAN JEWISH REVIEW
JUNE 20, 1952
Red Magen David, First Aid Agency
The impatient clamor of ^oX ambulance beH has a connotation which is universal whether it's heard on Broadway at midnight or on the Tel-Aviv-Jerusalem road at high noon. It means that somewhere there is an emergency, someone is in pain, life's blood is ebbing and all must stand aside while the chance of- preventing death is pursued at top speed.
In a country as small and active as Israel, unfortunately, the ambulance bell is all too common a sound. The heavy concentration of population, the feverish building activity, the swift growth of industry with new powerful and complex machines, the sorely overtaxed and congested highways combine for a high accident potential. Add to this the ravages of nature such as the high winds and floods which ripped off roofs
and ate away the foundations of hundreds of immigrants' homes only a few months ago and one wonders how this fledgling of a nation copes with such emergencies in addition to her other har-assments. .
The answer lies in the thtfee excellent public health services� Kupat Cholim, Hadassah and Ma-gen David Adorn (Red Shield of David) � whose establishment antedates by many years the founding of the State and which have come to be regarded by Israelis and visitors alike as the nation's strong arms of mercy. Kupat Cholim, part of Histadrut, Israel Labor Federation, provides hospitals, clinics and medical service for members. Hadassah specializes in hospital work, medical training and research. The Ma-gen David Adorn, the nation's only
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first aid service, complements the work of the other two organizations, and ia to Israelis what the American Red Cross ia to Americans.
Under the general heading of first aid, the Magen David Adorn performs a multitude of services. Its fleet of ambulances, the only public ambulance service in Israel, covers the nation from its populous cities and coastal plain to the most isolated settlements in the Negev and upper Galilee. Its 36 major aid centers and scores of secondary stations form a life saving network that reaches into every city, town, settlement, immigrant village and transit camp. It maintains blood banks and operates a national blood transfusion program. It trains first aid workers all over the country and givog instruction in the prevention of traffic accidents, industrial injuries and other ralahaps.
The organization is non-political and non-sectarian. Its work is done principally through volunteers � about 400 volunteer doctors and nurses and more than 7,-000 first aiders. Medical aupplies, ambulances and other equipment are donated by supporters to other countries, principally the United States where an organization called the American Red Magen David was established in 1941 to mobilize support for the Magen David Adorn.
The Magen David Adorn, itself, was established in 1930, a year of relative quiet in Palestine following a series of Arab attacks on scattered Jewish settlements. During World War Two, at the request of the British mandatory government, Magen David Adorn organized and directed first aid services within the general framework of air raid protection and civilian defense. During this period it worked in close cooperation with the War Organisation of British Red Cross axjd the Order of St John, with the latema-tional Red Crow and with', other national Red Cross societfe* serving in Palestine ing eooatriefr of tjj East
workers voUirCeerwr for service with the British armed forces in various war theaters in the Near East and Mediterranean.
When the war ended Magen David Adorn extended its arm of mercy overseas to rush medicines to the sick, emaciated survivors of Dachau and other concentration camps. A 35-member Magen David Adorn Sanitary Mission was one of the first relief teams to reach Greece after its liberation. Despite its slender resources, Magen David Adorn dispatched 5,000 pounds (then the equivalent of $25,000) for the relief of Jewish survivors in Poland and Roumania.
Magen David Adorn has been pPaised for its war work by the International Red Cross and numerous national Red Cross groups.
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first step Israel signed the Geneva Convention on the care of the sick and wounded. In Hay, 1949, Israel requested recognition of its emblem the "Red Magen David" (Shield of David) as the Israeli symbol of mercy to be used in the same way that the Red Crescent is used in Turkey and the Arab countries* and the Red Lion and Sun in Iran, in place of the Red Cross. So far this recognition has not been forthcoming.
During Israel's War of Liberation, the MageTi David Adorn was at the fronrt line. Its ambulances ran the blockaded road to deliver first aid to beseiged Jerusalem. Its stretcher bearers followed on the heels of Israel's infantry. Its blood plasma, bandages, dressings and surgical equipment were laid out and ready as the w nded were carried into emergency field hospitals. Many of its own volunteers were Icikled or wounded in action. The Magen David Adorn, in effect, provided the firm nucleus around which, the new, almost improvised Israel Army built its Medical Corps.
While Israel struggled for existence, the six-pointed symbol of Magen David Adorn became familiar in American communities where men of good will recognized Israel's fight as a continuation of the world fight for freedom which had ended only a few years before. Red Magen David, the Magen David Adom'a helping hand in America, organized six blood banks for Israel. Between April, 1948 and March, 1949, they secured 25,000 American donors of all races and creeds and transmitted to Israel 10,000 urrtts of dry blood pUsnva which enabled Magen David Adorn to fill the needs of the civilian population OA well as the Army during the critical months of the war.
On January 31, 1950, the Knesset, Ian el's Parliament, officially recognixed Magen David Adorn as Israel's only legal first aid and am-butarae agency, a status similar to that accorded the American Red Cross by the United States Government But reooffxition could not solve the post-wmr problems of Magen David Adorn, problems
which bedevil not only thjis institution (but almost every sphere of activity in Israel. They are the pro-btema created by. tKttrtx
1 'jl l^"*^P*^Tri *�'f^^F^^ft^QC
of nratenal, �xno*utea eq
and lack of replacements or spare
parts.
Magen David Adom's ambulance fleet, ithe backbone of its services, WAS (hardest hit. At the end of the War for Liberation its vehicles, mostly of American make, were ready for replacement. But short-
ages forced them into continued heavy service, many of them patched with Httle more than "chewing string". Israel's
hvtest models, took a further fern. Today, out of a fleet of 109 ambulances, 58 are unserviceable. Many of these are fit only for the scrap heap even if new part� were available. Tel Aviv, * sprawling city of over 300,000, is served by only 7 (Continued on Page SavenJ
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