QOTOUI 14. its*
TBI OANADtAM JEWISH IIVISW
A DELUGE OF HONORS FOR AN EXASPERATING ADMIRAL
{Continued from Paps Four) The first thing a man has to do is make up his mind that he is going to get his head chopped
off ultimately. If he. has that feeling, perhaps he can accomplish
something."
Accordingly Rickover bypassed several echelons of superior officers and in 1947 went directly to the then Chief of Naval Operations, Admiral Chester W. Nimits, with his plan for an atomic submarine. Nimits quickly grasped its potentiality and recommended the project to the Secretary of the
Navy. Presently Rickover became chief of a new section hi the Bureau of Ships, the Nuclear Power Division.
To a man less jaundiced in his view of The System than Rickover, the appointment might nave meant that he could go ahead and produce a nuclear submarine. But Rickover had been in the Navy and in Washington too long. He knew that it might be 15 years
Gouu) hf fatylttot U TWICE IheRM
Some people go by freighter because it's the cheapest way to travel... others find it the best way to get off the "beaten path" and see the more remote parts of the world. Still others have important work to do while-they are travelling which demands intense concentration. But most people go by freighter because they have found it the most enjoyable way.
They prefer the informal, easy-going manner of a cargo vessel because they find that the pence and quiet of life at sea is perfectly blended with the excitement of romantic ports, strange customs and exotic people in far away lands.
With a fleet of over 70 vessels at their disposal, Saguenay offers you splendid opportunities for travel between Canada, the Caribbean and the United Kingdom. Accommodations range from modest to elaborate, depending on your choice . . . and the food is excellent.
For further information write
SAGUENAY SHIPPING
"LIMITED     ----
1060 UnfvertSJy St.,
MANUFACTURERS!!!
INVEST IN JAMAICA �
get the benefit of
No Capital Gains Tax Generous Tax Holidays Currency Convertibity     -Low Labour Cost
Excellent Employer-Labour Relations Abundant, English-Speaking Labour Pool Canada-British West Indies Trade Agreement British Praferential Tariff Rates Strategic Location
Easy Access to the World's Sterling Markets Politically Stable Government Competetive Shipping Rates Gracious Balmy Climate Eliminating Piatt Heating
Omr represeetMthfe ttiff As glad te ghte yem detailed mhmatioa ea tuxes, lakoar cttrts; kdaitriel iaceathe kghhtioa, plmrt shot, emttrwetie*, fiomdag, atXties emd ether n^inmmts. He amy be reached hj address* k� er
0 0 0
JAMAICA INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
527 MADISON AVEUNE NEW YORK 22, N.Y.
before the project could be completed within the organisational framework. He had to deal not only with powers, legions and dominions of administrators in the Navy but with other administrators in the Atomic Energy Commission, which controls all the nuclear fuel in the nation. The thought of being caught between two phalanxes of administrators was horrifying to Rickover. "Sup-erefficient 'administrators' are the curse of the country," he says. "Their main function seems to be to harass brainworkers with trivia and to waste as much time as possible."
� To avoid this kind of administrative "help", Rickover executed a classic maneuver in antibureau-cracy. It was arranged that the
AEC should establish a Naval Reactors Branch to cooperate with the Nuclear Power Division in the Bureau of Ships and that this new branch should be headed by a likely fellow named Hyman G. Rickover. Thus it came about that Rickover, wearing his captain's hat, would write letters to be opened by Rickover, wearing his civilian hat. Whatever Rickover wanted, Rickover got. It was a rare example of the kind of cooperation that can be established when military and civilian branches of the government have a genuine mutual interest
Having secured a little elbow-room by his maneuver, Rickover set out to recruit talented men who would help him complete his project Rickover himself interviewed more.than 1,000 young engineers, both naval and civilian, subjecting�them to treatment designed to reveal their strengths and weaknesses as quickly as possible. In his office he kept a chair Whose front legs were shorter than its rear ones. As the interviewees sat in it constantly sliding forward and hitching themselves backward, blinking in the direction of that eminent, seemingly disembodied head, Rickover would ask questions.
time ago he encountered a poor trembling girl, a Wave, who wanted a secretarial job and who admitted that she could sing.
"Sing? Anybody can sing."
"But I took voice lessons."
"All right So sing something."
Thereupon the Wave burst into loud song, revealing that she had indeed a fine voice. Rickover filed the information and long afterward found a use for it By that time his program was so far advanced that prospective commanding officers for nuclear submarines had been selected and were being trained in his headquarters. These men, like Commander Anderson of Nautilus, are among the very finest in the Navy. They are chosen from scores of eager applicants and their selection marks them as individuals with" great fat But their very selection may cause them to think too highly of themselves, a possibility that disturbs Rickover. To deflate them Rickover has ordered his singing Wave to go into their presence on the first day of each month, remove her shoes in deference to the hallowed ground on which she stands and sing My Hero, loudly and completely. In time they have all learned the words and perhaps something else.
Rickover's method of selecting personnel is not so frivolous as it may sound. Like many other older executives he has a gloomy view of the security-obsessed college graduate, whom he calls "a nest-builder, a bird-hatcher." He -is also depressed by tho lack of
salaried levels of the civil service. This annoys the Navy brass, but Rickover has a sound reason for it. "A naval officer is usually assigned to the Bureau of Ships for a two-year period," he says. "It takes him a year to understand his job. Then he works at it for six months and spends the next six months worrying about his next assignment. There is no continuity of responsibility. An officer makes an important engineering decision in 1958, and when the project comes to maturity in 1962, where is he? In Honolulu. A man should stay in place long enoffgh to see the fruit of his decision, to take pride in its success or take the blame for its failure."
In 1949, having surrounded himself with good men who seemed ikely to stick with him, Rickover set out to produce some nuclear propulsion machinery. One might have thought this a relatively easy task, given the men, the money and the American technological know-how. But it is Rickover's view that Americans really do not know how. "Much of our technology is only empiricism," he says. "We know an automobile engine works, but we don't know why. We go along by trial and error, turning out enormous quantities of goods without understanding the basic principles involved."
The making of a power-producing nuclear reactor involves both facts and principles previously unknown to American industry. In idea the reactor is a simple
thing Thp plewpnt uranium, whioti
"Are you resourceful?" he once asked to a hapless engineer.
"Urn.� well, yes."
"Suppose you're on a sinking boat with five other men. The condTtitms^are that~orie,^and only" one of you, can be saved. Are you resourceful enough to talk the other five into letting you be the one?"
To a question so hypothetical the engineer felt safe in once more replying "Urn � yes." Thereupon Rickover gave a signal and five grim-faced men marched into the room and arranged themselves behind the victim. "All right, son," said Rickover. "Start talking."
There is no record of what the engineer said. However, in the closely knit group of 100 engineers in Rickover's Washington headquarters, there is none who is not resourceful.
During his interviews Rickover makes it a point to discover the extracurricular interests and abilities of his personnel.  Some
fundamental   knowledge   among young engineers. "They know a lot of facts," he says, "but few "priSctplesTThey' simply are not" educated."
In his respect for the old- fashioned virtues of intellectual curiosity, energy and initiative, Rickover has made some grievous mistakes in judgment � in the eyes of the administrators. Within his command he has frequently arranged things so that higher-ranking officers work for their juniors or that important jobs are
can be made to explode, can also be brought to a point Bhort of explosion in which it produces gfeat--' heat7~ I rF~a"miclear^~propul-~ sion system this heat is made to produce steam. The steam rushes through a turbine, the turbine turns a shaft running into a gear box, the gears in the box turn another shaft running to the propeller and presently one is under the North Pole. To be sure, a few volumes of information are missing from this explanation, but the theory remains a simple one.
filled by civilians rather than naval officers. Most of the men immediately around Rickover, in fact, are civilians and most of these in turn are in the highest
However, the engineering, the practical application of the theory, presents problems of fantastic difficulty. It is in solving these, in (Continued on Page Eleven)
--� 'EVERY PASSENGER A FRIEND*__
OUR SLOGAN � OUR PLEDGE
B'nai B'rith
LUXURY CRUISE
� 10 days, S ports, DEC. 12-DEC. 22�$225 up
� 13 days, 5 ports, DEC. 23-J AN.   5�$325 up
� 10 days, 3 ports, JAN.   6-J AN. 16�$225 up visiting the exciting FREE PORTS of CURACAO, ST. THOMAS, PORT AU PRINCE, HAVANA, CRISTOBAL and KINGSTON.
ebeerd the p/octkelry new trans-Atlantic White Queen
T. S. S. OLYMPIA
� 3 outdoor Ude swimming pools      �
� 2 orchestras (Mark Towers) �
� Entertainment staff of 30 �
� Superb Ceetmeceel CebJae �
� 3 fsbuloss arte clebs �
� Only eee-feetf empathy �
for Uluttrsttd ipecisl brochurt and rtiervstiont, contact:
M. MATALON, 27 Willlem St., N.Y. 5, N.Y., Bowling Green 9-4736
n� see your travtl an��f
Olympic Theatre Dance under start Broadway entertainment Free Che Cha lessons Midnite suppers FRIENDLY passengers
"DIONITE" LUGGAGE
No   714   Btntt   PrMf  Pskrilll*.  Oxford  TwrW grata.
W� make e coa�-tiate Uae of LeeW end Mh'i looses* to twit any need. "Oi�**" fwaran-tees profits and customer  set Ufa c-
Wrist or fhams far am mew estate*** �"d feice UtOng
DIONITE LUGGAGE INC
LEVIS, QUE.     TEE. 7-555*
Me�tfMl Office) � 546 Dariirxj Street. LA. 1-4806