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The Canadian English*Jewish Weekly
VOL. XLVIII
GARDENVALE, QUEBEC, AUGUST 19, 1966
ID
to t-o
No. 47
Goldberg Finds Pope And State Heads Rabbi Headed In Sympathy With U.S. Peace Aim      Council Of Torah
Sages In Israel
Arthur J. Goldberg said in Rome that he had "found great understanding" of United States peace aims in Vietnam. He said he had found such understanding in conversations with Pope Paul VI and with Italian leaders, reports Robert C. Doty, in the New York Times. The Pontiff and state leaders, he added, also were aware of the intransigence of the North Vietnamese, which he said had prompted the recent bombings in the Hanoi-Haiphong area.
Ambassador Goldberg, chief United States representative at the United Nations, declined to answer directly questions as to whether the Pope and Italian leaders had expressed to him concern over the bombing evident in earlier statements by Vatican and Government sources.
But he said that now that the facts had come to light, "1 found great understanding on the part of all to whom I spoke of the great and continuing efforts of the United States to achieve a peaceful settlement." He cited as one of these facts evidence that civilian casualties had been "miniscule."
There was similar recognition, he added, of "the intransigence we still encounter on the part of our adversaries in Vietnam and of the reasons � in the face of this intransigence expressed in increased infiltration and warlike action by the other side � for our past and recent military activities."
These, he emphasized, were only his impressions and should not be interpreted as a precise citation of the views of the Pope, President Giuseppe Saragat, Premier Aldo Morp, or the Foreign Minister, Amintore Fanfani. They could give their own interpretation of the talks he had with them in the three days, the Ambassador said.
The main  purpose of his  visit
to Italy, he said at a news conference, had been to discuss pending United Nations matters with the Italian Government, notably with Mr. Fanfani, who is the holdover President of the 1966 General Assembly.
But, Mr. Goldberg said it was inevitable that when the first news reports of the bombings at the two North Vietnamese cities appeared, there would be "concern by everyone, throughout the world," says the New York Times. Discussion of the war in Vietnam, therefore, had been in the foreground of his meetings in Rome, he added.
"The Pope is a man of peace and is concerned with every aspect of the Vietnam war," Mr. Goldberg said. "He has made it clear in public declarations that all killing should stop, an objective that my Government fully shares/'
Mr. Goldberg reiterated the United States desire to sit down at a conference, within the Geneva format or any other, at which the first order of business could be cessation of hostilities.             ,
Instead, he said, the increase in the rate of North Vietnamese infiltration of regular units into the South, from 4,500 a month to 7,500 a month in the last six months, have dictated the "necessity for cutting the oil supplies that power such movements. This had been carried out "with virtually no civilian casualties," ,he said.
This assertion was supported, he said, by the absence of any claims of great civilian losses by Hanoi
Mr. Goldberg stressed the importance of the coming United Nations conference in Geneva on peaceful uses of space and of the concordance of American and Italian views on this subject.
(Continued  on  Page  Four)
RE-EMERGENCE OF EXTREMIST NATIONALISM IN GERMANY, LED BY FORMER NAZIS, CASTS SHADOW OVER W.J.C. ASSEMBLY IN
Rabbi Zalman Sorotzkin, chairman of the Council .of Torah Sages, died in Jerusalem. He was eighty-six years old. Many thousands of persons, mainly black-hatted yeshiva students, followed his bier at the funeral. Qabinet ministers, national officials, and leading rabbis were also among the mourners.
The World Jewish Congress, meeting in Brussels, expressed "its deep disquiet at the re-emergence in Germany of extremist nationalism in the political field led by former Nazis. Delegates to the fifth plenary assembly of the Congress drawn from fifty-four nations, says Edward Cowan, in the New York Times, also voiced con-body of eighteen rabbis recognized cern about "the resurgence of anti-by the Ultra-Orthodox Agudat Is- Semitic activity in various parts
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rael party as its supreme authgrity in politicalmatters. Knesset (Parliament) members and Cabinet Ministers, when the party is in the Government, says the New York Times, present themselves regularly to the Council for guidance. They are bound by the decisions of the rabbis who are considered to have no vested or mundane interests and to be guided only by the principles of Torah law.
Rabbi Sorotzkin was chairman of the Council for fifteen years. He was born in Niyuchucina, White Russia, where his father Was a rabbi for sixty years. At the age of seventeen, he left home to study at the famous Yeshiva of Volozhin. Later, he moved to the Yeshiva of Telz.
The head of the Telz Yeshiva, Rabbi Eliezer Gordon, was so impressed by his talents that he chose him as a husband for his daughter.
Rabbi Sorotzkin. later held various pulpits in Poland and Was a member of the Sejm (Parliament) in the nineteen-twenties. He was one of three rabbis recognized by the Polish Government as compe-
tent to ordain new rabbis.
He was the rabbi of Lutsk in 1939 when the Nazis invaded Poland. He then fled to Palestine.
Shortly after his arrival, he or-      ,     �    .     _    . ,                >t
ganized a council of yeshivas such-^>v.let Jew,sh community was
as existed in Poland and Lithua-     second in size only to the flve and
of the world."
A resolution drew attention to "international organizations,-some public and some clandestine, which seek to co-ordinate the agitation of national groups and to disseminate racist and anti-Semitic material throughout the world.'"
A Congress spokesman, in reply to an inquiry, said that the resolution referred to individuals and right-wing groups in the United States, Britain, and elsewhere, including the John Birch Society and the Ku Klux Klan.
He said that the Klan had sent documents in Spanish from Waco, Texas, to Latin America and that the material was anti-Semitic, anti-Roman Catholic, and anti-Negro.
Delegates urged the Soviet Union to give the three million Jews in that country "the same rights and facilities as are enjoyed by other [Soviet national] groups, religious and cultural."
Dr. Nahum Goldmann, who was re-elected president of the. Congress, said at a news conference that because of "enforced assimilation" the younger generation of Soviet Jews "may be lost as active members of the Jewish people."
They have, he said, "no schools, no synagogues, no rabbis, no Hebrew, nothing." He observed that
"S*�'NW�'�W%^
nia to coordinate fund-raising. Later, -he established a network of ultra-religious parochial schools for boys and girls that now comprises 26 institutions with 45,000 pupils.
He is survived by five sons, all of them rabbis. Two of his sons live in:Cleveland, Ohio, where they head the Yeshiva of Telz. His only daughter perished in World War II, and his wife died in Jerusalem.
Because of his strong religious beliefs, Rabbi Sorotzkin declined to enter an Israeli hospital when he became ill for fear that an autopsy might be performed on his body if he died, says the New York Times. The religious objection to autopsies is linked with the belief in the resurrection of the dead after the coming of the Messiah.
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a half million Jews in the United States.      '
'Dr. Goldmann said that the Congress, which seeks to promote the well-being of Jews everywhere, would devote special attention "to securing 'the Jewishness of the younger generation" in all countries, says the New York Times. As anti-Semitism has waned, he said, young people have tended to become less aware of themselves as Jews.
Also re-elected at the concluding session of the ten-day meeting were the Congress's vice-presidents, Samuel Bronfman, of Montreal, and Lord Sieff, of Britain.
The resolution on Germany said that the .electoral gains of the right-wing National Democratic party "must be seen against the background of continuing anti-Jewish manifestations, including the daubing of Nazi swastikas, the desecration of cemeteries, and the dissemination of anti-Semitic material in the press and in publications."
Dr. Eugen Gerstenmaier, president of the West German Bundestag, or lower house of Parliament, told the delegates that such deeds were "a favorite pastime of young rascals who do not even know what anti-Semitism is. But they know well enough that nothing can make the citizens and public opinion of Germany as nervous as provocation with an anti-Semitic tinge," he added.
A resolution on peace and disarmament called on "all parties in the Vietnam \var "to enter into negotiations." Dr. Goldmann said (hat the American delegates were divided on the Vietnam issue.
Other resolutions called for more aid to underdeveloped countries; spoke of "the ^cxxiwili" of an ever-whelming majority of Christian ecclesiastics; deplored "the continued refusal of the neighboring Arab states to negotiate peace with
Israel", and expressed a hope for more contacts with Jewish communities in Eastern Europe.
Jewish leaders from dozens of nations paid tribute at Malines, Belgium, in the rain to their brethren who perished under the Nazis. Nearly two hundred rabbis and other delegates to the World Jewish Congress boarded buses in Brussels before 9 A.M. for the 36-mlnute ride to Malines.
They massed in the street before a gray stone plaque that reads; "Belgians, remember that from this barracks 24,161 Jews were deported to the camps of Germany, 1942-44." The plaque is mounted on the wall of an army post.
A man .wearing the blue-and-white striped uniform of Auschwitz, the Nazi extermination camp, said about eleven hundred of the deported people came back from the camps, says the New York Times. The seven-minute religious service was simple. Rabbi Pin-jas Jahlenberg, chief chaplain of the Belgian army, chanted Scripture and prayers in Hebrew and French.
The possibility that one day there will be a more normal relationship between Jews and Germany was broached in cautious terms by prominent Germans and Jews.
More than five hundred delegates to the fifth plenary assembly of the World Jewish Congress packed the Palais des Congres for a tense discussion titled "Germans And Jews: An Unresolved Problem."
The fact that rabbis and lay leaders from fifty countries were willing to attend the discussion was regarded as an achievement.
Representatives of two Israeli parties, the left-wing Mapam, and the right-wing Herut, protested the inclusion of such a topic on the agenda as well as the appearance of Dr. Eugen Gerstenmaier, President of the West German Bundestag.,
Dr. Gerstenmaier and other speakers suggested that reconciliation between Germans and Jews might not.be for this generation. The West. German leader said that as long as "the burden of history is upon us, there are limits to oar tongues and to our. behavior that we Germans cannot cross even if our heart impels us. Anti-Semitism and Hitlerism are not significant forces in West Germany now".
The West German Chancellor, Dr. Ludwig Erhard, in a message of greeting, expressed the hope that the exchange of views would "develop the basis for mutual understanding and esteem."
Mayor Willy Brandt, of West Berlin, and three other leaders of the opposition Social Democratic party in West Germany welcomed the Congress's decision to discuss "the problems of the German-Jewish relationship." They said they hoped that "an honest discussion will help to find the proper steps that can be taken together for the future,"
Of several participants preceding Dr. Gerstenmaier, two, both Germans, evoked in hard terms the history of Nazi persecution of Jews and \var-making. They were Golo Mann, son of the late Thomas Mann, the novelist, says the New York Times, and Prof. Karl Jaspers, the philosopher, both of whom live in Switzerland. Dr. Jaspers was not present. His speech was distributed as a conference paper.
Dr. Mann, referring to the Germany of-the nineteen-thirties and forties declared: "I can never fully trust my compatriots, the Ger-
mans, I can never fully trust human beings, as the Germans are also human beings, highly civilized --Europeans."
Dr. Gerstenmaier explicitly endorsed this passage.
.Salo W. Baron, professor of Jewish studies at Columbia University, said: "If such 'hereditary enemies' as France and Germany could finally bury their hatchets, one may perhaps look forward to the establishment of. more normal � and, not only 'correct' � relationships between Germans and Jews as well."
Rabbi Joachim Prinz, of Newark, New Jersey, president of the Conference of Presidents of Major -American Jewish Organizations, sajd, "we can talk to each other, and indeed we must, but the relationship between the Germans and Jews of our generation can never be normalized."
Dr. Nahum Goldmann', president of the fifty-year-old Congress, which seeks to protect the rights and interests of Jews everywhere, permitted opponents of the dialogue to open the program.
An American, Avraham Schen-ker, speaking, for the Mapam party, called on the German people to "reject from their midst the Nazis of yesterday and today� from official positions^ and from the cultural life, economy, civil service, and the judiciary," says the New York Times. He added that they "must give up the dreams of a great-power Germany armed with atomic weapons."
Isaac Remba, an Israeli speaking for Heruti was applauded when he said: "Between us and the Germans there rises a high mountain which cannot be scaled �, a pile of six million martyrs."
Nearly every speaker used the figure six million, the number of European Jews who perished at the hands of the Nazis.           '
Dr.   Goldmann,   who   left   Germany after Hitler came to power, .   replied  that  West Germany  was "a big power and it's becoming a bigger power."
"We cannot conduct world and Jewish policies ignoring Germany," he said.
The words "reconcile," "forget" and "forgive," he said, "have . nothing to do with this discussion. The purpose is to find a way of coexistence," he said, adding: <-It is very difficult for this generation of the camps, a generation that has lost a third of its sons and daughters."
Prof. Gershom Scholem, of the Hebrew University at Jerusalem, said forgetting was impossible.
"Only in remembering the past," he said, "the meaning of which our minds will never be able to penetrate, can there be a new hope for the restitution of a newly found speech between Germans and Jews � that is, for the reconciliation of those who are now separated," says the New York Times. A spokesman for Jews living in Germany said anti-Semitism had been increasing but would become a major problem only if there were "a severe economic setback."
Hendrik George Van Dam, secretary general of the Central Council of Jews in Germany, reported that there were about 2'3,-000 Jews in West Germany and West Berlin as against 200,000 in 1916.
Dr. G*erjtenmaier began by expressing doubt that a German could "make his voice heard across the abyss that separates Jews from Germans."
Speaking in German, he said he held  "no  illusions   about  the   historic burden and the human conse-(Continncd on Page Eight)