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The Canadian English-Jewish Weekly
VOL xxvn
MONTREAL, SEPTEMBER 14, 1945
No. 50
Warsaw Ghetto Killer Caught In Japan
Joseph Alfred Meissinger, German war criminal responsible for the destruction of the great Warsaw ghetto and for the killing of thousands of Polish Jews elsewhere in Poland, has been captured in Japan ana turned over to United States Array authorities, a Mutual Broadcasting Company correspondent*. Bob Brumby, reported, The United Press said.
Mr. Brumby, two other American correspondents, two Array officers�Capts. Adolf Dressier of Philadelphia, and Theodore Hol-wit� of Milwaukee�and a Japanese interpreter from Venice, Cal-v. if,, made the capture after a trip wrtne foot of Mount Fuji, far out-tide the American Zone.
According to the Polish press agency, Meissinger was the specialist in killing Jews in Warsaw. He ordered.the destruction of. the Warsaw ghetto, and sent 10,000 Jewish children to a concentration camp where they were killed during the Rosh Hashonah holy days.
Mr. Brumby found Keissinger at a resort hotel set aside for German Embassy refugees. Japanese police accompanying his party refused to enter tile hotel. They said that the Germans were heavily armed.
The American party went in. Two shaky Germans, told that the said he was armed and determined Americans wanted Meissinger, to shoot it out A note was sent to hbn. He was told to come out with his hands up. Meissinger asked time to pack. Meissinger, of brutish build, came out^ai directed, started sweating when he saw gum leieieJ at him, and kept re-"No weapon*, no weap~
Cohen Made Byrnes' Aide By Truman
President Truman completed the first phase of the reorganization of the Department of State by nominating Benjamin V. Cohen to be counsellor and Donald S, Russell of Spartanburg, S.C., and William Benton of South port, Conn., to be Assistant Secretaries.
These nominations, which were made on the recommendation of Secretary Byrnes, fill the top jobs in the department and clear the way for the reconstruction of the foreign service, which Mr. Byrnes has already indicated he hopes to make after his return from the London meeting of the Foreign Ministers Council.
Mr. Cohen, one of the original "brain trusters" of the New Deal, who served as general counsel of the Office of War Mobilization on-der Mr. Byrnes, takes the No. 3 job in the department. He has been serving as assistant to Mr. Byrnes and accompanied him to �the Potsdam and London Conferences. The job of "counsellor" has been vacant since the death of R. Walton Moore in 1941 and while this job is precisely what the Sec* retary of State wants to make it, the expectation is that Mr. Cohen will serve as one of the principal advisers on a small "policy committee" in the department.
CHAPLAIN GETS U.S. BRONZE MEDAL
The Bronte Star for "meritorious achievement with special reference to the needs of the Jewish men" during the battles on Okinawa Island, near Japan, has been awarded to Lieutenant Morton M. Herman, U. S. Navy chaplain from Chicago, Illinois. Chaplain Herman's citation says:
"Under the most hazardous conditions of combat, Chaplain, Berman kept personal contact with the men in all regiments and battalions of his division as well as in a number of attached organizations. On numerous occasions he exposed himself to sniper and shell ftre in order to reach and minister to his men."
Before the war Chaplain Berman was rabbi of the Temple Isaiah Israel, in Chicago.
J.D.C. Eiropean HeadGoesToPoland
Dr. Joseph J, Schwartz, European director of the Joint Distribution Committee, has vis* to enter Poland wfeejk he will
to
Arab League Plans Economic Welfare
The Economic and Industrial Committee of the Arab League has decided to take counter-measures against Zionist industrial activities in the Middle East, according to the Arabic newspaper, A) Ahram.-
The paper says the measures will include trade barriers, establishment of chambers of commerce representing the Arab States through the Middle East, a coordination of currencies and simplification of monetary exchange between the Arab States, the standardization of weights and measures, the interchange of surplus products, the improvement of communications and the exchange between Middle East States of economic information.
A commission to investigate the administrative mrthinery of Jew-,
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France To Act As Legal Protector
The French Government has been officially designated by the Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees to act as legal protector for German and Austrian refugees in France, including many Jews. The designation was in reply to a request by the French Government itself, which has been acting in that capacity ever since the country's lioeration, granting certain minimum rights to the refugees. The Inter-governmental Committee made similar arrangements for the Spanish Republicans in France.
The Intergovernmental Committee will, in all probability, have a full' plenary session before the end of this year, presumably in London, at which the question of the stateless and non-repatriable refugees will be taken up.
Pledging to extirpate all vestiges of anti-Semitism in France, General Charles de Gaulle admitted to U.S. Secretary of Commerce Wallace and other representatives of the American Anti-Bigotry Committee, in Washington, that difficulties were encountered in restoring rights and property to the Jews, but that these obstacles were temporary and will soon be overcome.
Besides Secretary Wallace, the delegation calling on General de Gaulle, included Raymond Gram Swing, radio commentator; James B. Carey, of the CIO; Robert Watt, AFL, and former Assistant Attorney General Norman M. Little.
They submitted to him a letter which thanks the French Government for its abolition of the Vichy anti-Semitic laws, and for the ordinances restoring property to the Jews. But the letter urged determined measures against vestiges of anti-Semitism which are still ingrained in France as a result of the Nasi occupation
concentration camps in Germany be admitted to Palestine without delay. He also asked that, as soon as possible, the other European Jews, to the number of about 1,-
Z.O.A. Head Says White Paper System Must Be Ended
Dr. Israel Goldstein, president of life and death," Dr. Goldstein of the Zionist Organization of Am- declared. "They have written off erica, urged in Washington that their future insofar as Europe is the 100,000 stateless Jews now in concerned.
"And time is of the essence. The next months must see the begin-ing of a new immigration policy which will bring 100,000 Jews to
� __ ______________F Palestine within the next six
OOO.OOO who are unable or unwili- months, as well as the beginning of ing to live in their former homes, a new status for Palestine as a likewise be admitted. Jewish state with the Jewish
"To the Jews of Europe, access Agency for Palestine given inter-to Palestine has become a matter im control over immigration and
_____ __ colonization."
Because "the Jews who need Palestine cannot wait," Dr. Goldstein argued, all existing limitations on the entry of Jews must 'be removed, and admission no longer governed by certificates on a quota basis, whether of 20,000 or 30,000
-------- a year, or the expiring provisions
Dr. Julian Morgenstern, head of of the British White Paper, under Hebrew Union College, in Cincin- which the last thousand certift-nati, Ohio, said in an exclusive in- cates were issued a few weeks ago. terview to the Jewish Stost, of In- Indeed, he added, so deep is the dianapolis, Indiana, thai> is not dissatisfaction with the system es-terrified at all by the prospect of tablished by the White Paper, in-a Jewish State in Palestine. Dr. eluding as it did the principle of
Arab consent, that he doubted these last certificates had been or would be presented or accepted.
"Only the illegal White Paper, which the Mandates Commission of the League of Nations declares to be in violation of the mandate for Palestine, and which the United States Government never approved, introduces the principle of
H.U.C. Head Warns On Nationalism
Morgenstern added that he "would not be disturbed, even pleased a little bit, by a Jewish commonwealth."
Dr. Morgenstern admitted that there was a time when he was a pretty strong anti-Zionist, but he declared he has changed his mind. "Today I am definitely non-Zionist," he said, "with, however, I am
very glad to say, a sympathetic Arab consent," Dr. Goldstein said, understanding and appreciation of 0| pr�8ident Truman's recent Zionism." statement on the subject of Pales-
"Up to a few weeks^ago," Dr. ti r^. Goldstein said that, Morgenstern said, referring to the �wniie encouraging in so far as it Labor party.victory ra the recent indicated that the program of the English election, "I saw no pros- American Government was favor-pect of such an actuality. But now .the�commonwealth is not so impracticable or unrealizable as it seemed then."
Qvt DrK MoneBstem does not
able to the establishment of a Jewish State in Palestine and the entry of as many Jew* a* possible
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of Orthodox Rabbis of the United States and Canada for editing a new Sabbath Prayer Book, issued a thirty-page defense of his position, caning the incident a "challenge to freedom of worship" and charging his opponents with help-ins* to bring about a state of "religious sterility" in Palestine.
The "excommunication" of Dr. Kaplan, who is not a member of the union, took place at a meeting called by the.organization on June 12. After a series of speeches, accusing Dr. Kaplan and his eo-(CoHtinued on Page Sere*)
to gto into PoM sW its liberation. f
Hi* mission to Poland follows his completion of a special assignment in Germany as a member of a special commission appointed by 'President Truman. There, with "Earl G. Harrison, American representative on the Intergovernmental Refugee Committee, he studied and reported on the condition of displaced persons inside the Allied zones of the conquered Reich. The report, not yet released, has been furnished the President and the State Department
J.D.C. has conducted relief activities in behalf of Polish Jewry without interruption since World War I. Three members of its staff on Page Seven)
of Palestine's edi
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The chairman of the commission of |ix is Sir Arnold McNair, vice chancellor of the University of Liverpool
Relief Worker Freed In Shanghai
Manuel Siegel, Joint Distribution Committee representative who carried on its reliof program for 20,000 Jewish refugees in Shanghai, and who was interned by the Japanese in February, 1-J43, has been liberated and has resumed direction of the relief program pending his repatriation.
The release of Siegel, a 34-year-old welfare worker and a native of Boston, Mass., adds a new chapter to the dramatic story of the continued assistance which the J. D.C. has furnished the thousands of Jews who fled Nazi Europe to the safety of Shanghai, a free-port city. Close to $2,200,000 has been appropriated by the American relief agency since 1938 for the support of the refugees in Shanghai.
J.D.C.'s work in Shanghai began in 1938, when the influx of some 1,600 refugees from Germany necessitated outside relief. Within a year the number had risen to 17,-000 of whom 10,000 were utterly destitute. J.D.C., major American agency for the relief of destitute Jews overseas, provided food, shelter, clothing, medical aid, child-care and constructive economic assistance.
By 1940 there were more than 20,000 Jewish refugees in Shanghai, the majority of them entirely dependent on J.D.C. support. From Nazi-threatened Europe they escaped by the back door to the free-port city after an overland Journey through Poland, Russia, Siberia and Manchuria.
In May, 1*41, the J.D.C. sent MiM Laura Margotis to Shaaffcai as Hs M present Hi at. She was joined in November by Siegef who had worked fa Cuba for the JJXC. After Pearl Baiter, the two wvre for a time permitted by the Ji to continue their rattef Tmw were able to meals fer mi many as It,0t0 per-�OM daily, lettpb* to set �p feed-lag mtetcMH. They also hospital sad cBmoU care for MOO other
A group of 104 Sephardic Jews who embarked at Toulon for repatriation to Greece on August 17 on the steamer Ascanius, were unwitting witnesses to the. grim race between the United States and Germany for the secret of atomic bombing, when they found shelter in a German atomic bomb laboratory, according to a cable received by the Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid Society, (HIAS), from its European affiliate, the HIAS-ICA Emigration Association, Isaac L. Asofsky, HIAS Executive Director stated in New York,
Domiciled in Greece, but claiming Spanish nationality, the group was deported from Greece by the Nazis in Apr;! of last year, and imprisoned at the notorious Bergen Belsen Concentration Camp. Since that time they have been under the care of four governments and the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration, and are now completing their modern Odyssey under the supervision of the HIAS-ICA organization.
On the basis of their Spanish nationality, Spain succeeded in having them shifted to another, and presumably less fearsome German prison camp. Their comparative safety was short lived, for they were put aboard an eastbound death train, destined for an extermination camp.
The train was captured by American troops who found shelter for the group in an immense Nasi meeting hall near Wolfenbuttel, but soon after the hall was set ablaze in an artillery battle.
Again American troops came to the rescue, and transported them to a huge enclosure at Hitkrsleb-en, now known to have been the scene of Nasi experimental work on the atomic bomb.
Three weeks later, the group succeeded in joining a train carrying liberated Belgian prisoe*rs of war, and were transported to
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develop, nbt nfce etbeti. o�t fete the "finest type of political entity the world has ever known,"
As to the policies of the Ameri-. can Zionist, Dr. Morgenstern was in bitter opposition when it came to their emphasis on this nationalism of the Jews of the United States.
"If our American Judaism which we are in the process of building is based on a program of Jewish nationalism then as a corollary it .� must be destructive for the Jewish community of America. I am in-
(Continued on Page Ten)
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wffl be to carry out," he said. "Now is the time for America and Great Britain to make good their obligations and their commitments to the Jewish people."
Dr. Goldstein. spoke at a press luncheon called to hear his report on conditions in Europe and to receive the Treasury Department award presented by William C. Fitzgibbon of.the War Finance Division .to the Zionist organization on its "distinguished service record" of $125,000,000 war bond sales in the Seventh War Loan drive.
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