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THE CANADIAN JEWISH BEVIEW
NOVEMBER 23, 1945
CANADIAN JEWISH REVIEW
An Impartial Medium for the Domination of Jewish News and Views
MBMHBK AVD1T BUHEAU OF CIRCULATIONS
Georfre W. Cohen, Publither _____
Room 808,1268 McGill College Ave.
Montreal Phone MArquetts/1203
Room 1207, 21 Dundas Square
Toronto Phone ELgin 1436
Entered as Second-Class Mail at the Post Office at Ottawa, December 1921, Subscription $1. per year, United States $2.00. Single copy, 5 cents
Florence F. Cohen, Editor Rabbi HJ. Stern, Contributing Editor
Lea* A. Newman, Ida niion, Suzann F. Cohen,
AdvortJemg Manager Toronto Manager_____Circulation Manager
1 wholly disapprove of what you say and will defend to the death your ___________ right to tay it. � Voltaire to Helvetius.
NOVEMBER 23, 1945
VOL XXVIII, No. 8
Oil And Compromise In Palestine
Freda Kirchwey, writing in The Nation, soya: Clearly the British hare a riqht to demand that we do more than give advice on the administration of the Middle East.
But American participation will not automatically insure a more courageous, decent policy. Formally we are jointly responsible for Allied policy in Greece and in Italy; in practice, the policy is British. In Palestine we may merely find ourselves used as a cover for a slightly modified policy of Arab appeasement. This is the role we have cheerfully played in Syria and Lebanon.
America is profoundly committed to support of a Jewish National Home in Palestine. Our policy was first announced by President Wilson in 1919 and has been repeated by every President since then; it was endorsed in a resolution unanimously adopted by Congress in 1922 and embodied in the United States-British convention on Palestine ratified by the Senate in 1925. Never have we receded from this position. Indeed, it was stated with explicit emphasis in both party platforms in 1944 and restated by President Roosevelt last October. America is committed.
But today, when the surviving, homeless fragments of Europe's Jewish community are clamoring for admission to Palestine, a curious ctmLnew note has crept into official statements in Washington. We are sorry for Europe's Jews, certainly; but it is one thing to care decently for the survivors, to find places of refuge for them, in Palestine if possible, or indeed almost anywhere except in America; it is another to follow a policy which will create difficulties with the Arabs.
The exchange of letters between Ibn Saud and President Roosevelt sounded the new note too clearly to be misinterpreted; even if the President believed that his promise of consultations with the Arabs implied no retreat from his pledged policy, it carried that implication to the Arab leaders and stiffened their resistance. And the reiteration of his words by Secretary Byrnes has had the same effect
Since then they have redoubled their threats and stepped up their demands. They now not only warn us that war will any attempt to jset up a Jewish state in Palestine, bat
much more opnvinclog � they
negotiation with American firms. And in this threat one can (Secern a reason both for'the new willingness of the United States to share with Britain the control of policy in the Middle East and the new note of compromise which has crept into our pronouncements on Palestine.
Unrestricted Immigration Should Be Granted
The New Republic soys:
The Palestine problem really boils down to the question whether or not unrestricted immigration should be granted to the tortured, impoverished and starving Jews of Europe. A solution of this question cannot wait until protracted conference have settled the political future of the British man-
date. Unrestricted immiaration, as we demanded in our issue of October 29, should be the order of the day.
Since that editorial was written, we have received a number of letters objecting to our statement that "the Zionists ill serve the cause of human decency when they raise the issue of Jewish nationalism and a Jewish state in Palestine." Why, these letters ask, does Zionism ill serve the cause of human decency? Our answer is that rafsinq the political question of a Jewish state will seriously interfere with the task immediately at hand � unrestricted immigration. The events of the last weeks have borne out our fears in this respect.
We believe ec/ually firmly that the Arabs and British ill serve the cause of human decency when they use, as they now do, the Jewish victims of Nazi brotalitarianisxn as a political football; the Arabs when they raise their own exclusive political demands: the B^tfsh when thev refuse to ooen the door to Palestine. Their claims, explanations and justifications have no moral validitv in the face of the urgent need of finding a haven for the world's most pitilessly persecuted minority.
But because, in our eyes, the Arabs' nationalistic aspirations and Britain's emoire oolitic* are wrong, this does not mean that the Zionist demand for a Jewish state is right. From the liberal point of view, nationalism � the Zionists do not deny their nationalist objective� <md sovereign indewnH�nre are hardly adequate solutions in the modem world, regardless of whether they are advocated by nascent nationalists like the Zionists or articulate Arab elements, or bv dving nationalists like our own Isolationists or British imperialists,
If events in Palestine� and. for that matter, in Indonesia, China and the Balkans � teach us anything, it is that the time is more than ripe for collective action by the United Nations Organisation to use its power by finding satisfactory solutions and maintaining international peace.
Th� Central Committee of Polish Jews h*s appealed to Jewish organizations abroad to do their utmost to supply Polish Jews with clothing ss the Government, while "spiring no effort" to help the Jewish repatriate*, cannot satisfy the enormous need for betp.
A fist assertion that the Vati-cmo never intended to be>ptise Jewish children sheltered f� Csthelk
homes snd instftntions was offic-iallv made by the Vatican press in Italy, in a note to eoireapoad-ents of foreign newspapers in Rome.
The Ciech government has erected at Theresienstadt a monument to the tens of thousands of Jews who perished during the Nazi occupation. Representatives from all Csech kehillahs attended the
SAY BRITISH
(Continued from Page One) estine Administration's land transfer regulations based on the British White Paper of 1939 restricting Jewish immigration to that country, to go ahead with plans to buy the land they want for agricultural purposes. The land purchase program is under the auspices of the Jewish National Fund of America.
Dr. Abraham Granovsky, chairman of the board of directors of the World Jewish National Fund, said the goal of the organisation was not less than 600,000 acres of land in Palestine to provide for a large farming population that in turn would help provide a livelihood for an additional 800,000 persons.
Dr. Granovsky estimated that the land acquisition would require an investment of fl60,000,000 over a period of years, and that the money was expected to be made available by the donation income of the Jewish National Fund and by means of a public loan.
Dr. Silver, who is co-chairman of the American Zionist Emergency Council, declared that the proposed joint commission of inquiry into the Palestine problem was a disastrous substitute for action immediately imperative, and that its primary purpose was not to help the distressed Jews of Europe but to liquidate the Jewish national homeland. He warned that "we cannot be bound by the findings of any such commission," and said the executive committee of the World Zionist Organization would have to determine whether, in view of the palpable insincerity of the entire project, it could in any way co-operate with it
Rabbi Stephen S. Wise of New York, co-chairman of the American Zionist Emergency Council, criticized the British Government for not acceding to President Truman's suggestion that Prime Minister AtUee grant 100,000 certificates of admission to Palestine to displaced European Jews. Dr. Wise said he was opposed to violence against mandatory power, but added: ''I urge the British Government not to use violence in enforcement of the Chamberlain-MacDonald White Paper."
Dr. Sidney Marks of Washington, in his report as executive secretary of the Zionist Organization of America, announced plans to increase the membership from the present 160,000 to 200,006. He an-nounced also sn expansion fund drive for $600,000 to finance major Zionist projects*
Widow Of Ex-Governor's Son Marries Orchestra Conductor^
Mrs. Peggy Lashanska Rosen-baum Lehman, widow of Lieut. Peter Gerald Lehman, young Army Air Forces hero who was the eldest son of former Governor and Mrs. Herbert H. Lehman, of New York was married to Richard Kaye Korn, orchestral conductor, in the home of the bride's mother, Mrs. Harold A. Rosenbaum, 560 Park Avenue, New York. Only immediate relatives were at the ceremony, which was performed by the Rev. Dr. Hyman Schachtel.
A profusion of autumn blossoms formed the floral setting,for the wedding. The improvised altar in the living room was adorned with a simple arrangement of those blooms interspersed with delphinium, pale pink roses and snapdragons. The surrounding rooms also were decorated with autumn flowers.
The bride, daughter also of the late Mr. Rosenbaum, was escorted by her brother-in-law, James H. Elkua. Mr. Korn, son of Mr. and Mrs. Raphael C. Korn, 480 Park Avenue, had his father for best man. A small family reception was given afterward. Mr. Korn and his bride went South on a wedding trip of about three weeks and will reside at 960 Park Avenue.
Mrs. Korn, whose mother for years has been known on the concert stage as Hulda Lashanska, was graduated from the B rear ley School and attended Sarah Lawrence College. She was married to the former Governor's son in June, 1938, at Sherry's. There are two daughters of that union. Lieutenant Lehman was killed in March, 1944, during maneuvers in his fighter plane over his home base somewhere in England. He had served on fifty-seven missions and wore the Air Medal with three Oak Leaf Clusters. The Distinguished Flying Crow, which he won for extraordinary achievement, was presented posthumously to his widow in October 1944, at ceremonies at Mitehel Field, L.I.
The bridegroom, who is conducting with the City Center Opera Company, joined the Coast Guard at the outbreak of the war, served three years, and last spring, ss a lieutenant, received his honorable discharge. A grandson of Mrs. Charles Kay*, of New York and the late Mr. Kays, bejiker, be is an alumnus of Princeton University, class of *38, and the Yale Law School, '41. He studied conducting under Serge Koussevitxky and Leon BanJn and then became a conductor with the National Orchestral Association.
SAYS DISPLACED
(Continued from Page One) an agency of the United States Government but for one set up by forty-four sovereign countries.
"For one nation's Legislature to attempt to govern it even in the most laudable of aims is to disavow the principle of international co-operation," he said, "I sincerely hope that the Senate will promptly recognise the responsibility of America to take the lead in genuine collaboration if the nations of the world are to work together as partners."
BRITISH SOLDIERS'
(Continued from Page OM)
Seven United States Army Jewish sergeants on furlough in Palestine went to the Hadassah Hospital at Tel Aviv and offered to donate blood to the blood bank for riot casualties.
A clandestine broadcast in Hebrew, characterized the statement as "a great betrayal" and, after urging the Jews to fight, stated that "what Hitler did in his murderous blitz against the Jewish people is now being repeated in the form of a slow-grinding political policy by the democracies" in Palestine.
Then for the first time in recent weeks the, "Voice of Israel" clandestine radio could not be heard. It was jammed just as it started a denunciation of British Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin as anti-Jewish. It was assumed that the British authorities had decided to silence it to prevent incitement to disorder.
At the Haifa naval base, though there no rioting was repotted, several hundred Jewish sailors of the British Navy did not appear for their pay and also remained away from barracks at lunch time in protest against British Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin's Palestine speech in the House of Commons.
The Tel Aviv outbreak came toward the end of a noon-to-midnight Palestine-wide general strike by Jews in protest against immigration restrictions.
A list of 1,916 members of the underground Arab Nationalist party in Tripolitania has been discovered by the British authorities as a result of raids made on party centres during the recent anti-Jewish riots when twenty-three party leaders were arrested, seventeen of whom are still held for investigation.
Some British officials are convinced that the party, Hiftb el Watani, acted on the riots as test
JEWISH STATE
(Co*t***e4 from Fs^e �-As Mr. Bevin explained at his press conference, all but 2,000 of the 75,000 certificates called for by the White Paper have been used, but when those certificates are exhausted, 1,600 more each month will be granted.
The Arabs are being consulted about it now, Mr. Bevin said, adding that he felt confident that they would agree. A statement from the Arab Office in London regretted that the White Paper was being abandoned, but welcomed the statement that the problem of Palestine was being considered as distinct from a Jewish issue.
From Zionists and particularly the Jewish Agency, it was clear, Mr. Bevin expected criticism and he paid it back in advance. In talking with the correspondents he acknowledged his resentment over the way the Jewish Agency was trying to prevent the immigration certificates from being taken up, as he put it, "to make us change our policy in spite of the fact that people are suffering in Europe."
"The Jews have not even taken up the certificates," he said. "They are using it as political lever. It is most unfortunate."
Perhaps -more than anything else, the Foreign Secretary, *ho said that he was staking his whole political career on solving the Palestine problem, stressed his opinion that the entire problem was racial. After he had made his statement in the House and first one member and then another had taken the side of the Jews or the Arabs, he made urgent appeals not to introduce racial feeling.
''I beg you at this crisis in the world's history not to pursue racial antagonisms," he said. "The most difficult thing to settle in this world is when racial antagonism arises.
"I am sure the House and Jewry, apart from the Zionist Organisation, Jewry as a whole, is anxious to see a final solution. The Arabs are meeting me vary well and I thank them for it"
In speaking with the American correspondents he also made the point that the "great problem is assimilation.'1
"A lot of these races form enclaves of their own,** he went on, "and that is one of the things the world must get over. Assimilation is a vexing problem. All nations are frightened of racial developments within their States and the Jews therefore present a very difficult problem indeed."
As this statement indicates, the British want the whole problem put as a European and Middle Eastern humanitarian and Jewish problem, but not as simply a question of--------
In fact, Mr. Bevin, both in Parliament and later, emphasized that Britain felt that Jews must not be driven from Europe, that they must continue to be allowed to give the benefits of their genius to European civilization and that they should be allowed to live where they are without discrimination if they so desire.
Palestine, says the statement, "does not by itself provide sufficient opportunity for grappling with the whole problem." From that point it goes en to considera-
CORRECTION
The sentence before the last one in Rabbi Stern's editorial on "Education", in last week's Review, should have read: "Yet, they are the guardians of our civilization, and if our society is to prove worthwhile, we must give honour and dignity and economic security to the teaching profession."
tions of international amity and world peace.
The joint Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry, which will have a rotating chairmanship, will examine questions of Palestine and European countries where Jews were victims of Nazism and Fascism. It will make investigations on the spot and consult Jews and Arabs. Then it will make recommendations to the United States and British Governments which will then have to be accepted, modified or rejected.
Mr. Bevin asserted that he felt sure the committee could be set np almost immediately, although he would not try to guess wnea recommendations would be ready. .The recommendation will cover both an interim and a permanent solution, the latter being a trusteeship under the UNO.
When correspondents asked the Foreign Secretary whether he had a collective or single trusteeship in mind he said that Britain would accept whatever the committee recommended.
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