B¥ liESLSB BMIANYAI
Budapest
For years China was under the influence of the American and English imperialists. The millions of working men and women had little for food, and clothing, let alone to develope themselves culturally. It was not until 1942 that the great leader of the Chinese workers and peas-ants, thé leáder of the comraunist party, Mao-Tze-Tung,
pointed out that art and lí ^.^ -
terature should sérve the in ^'^^^^ ^taim. terests of the workers, pea-sants and soldiers, that in content they should reflect the struggles and life of the workers, peasants and sold-iers, and in form appeal to
their natural taste. The revolutio-naiy literary and artistic workers of caiina enthusiastically answer-ed to the call, and began to parti-cipate more intimately in the life-and-death struggles of the people, and to leam more (^gently from the öccelent traditions of popular art. They further déveloped and elevated these traditions and cre-ated riew 3>Yahg Ko« dances, »Yang Ko« dramas and musical compositions, which were warmly wélCQráéd by the broad masses.
New cultare.
Many plays and dances were produced, each signifying the hor-rible living coriditions, and tellihg of the new life to cóme with the liberation of all CJhina. Many plays and dances were produced, telling of the conditions of the New China, the liberated people's China. Plays were written about the land reform, where a youngcouple récéivé their own land in liberated China, and singing because they know they are working for them^ selves and not for somé profit-hungry capitalist In America. Plays were written about the struggle against foreign invaders, both Ja-panese, and American, teliing how a wounded soldier of the people's ármy received both food and shelt-er from an old couple, while the fascist soldiers were hunting for him and when he was well, he retumed to his army to fight with more energy when he saw that all the people of China were with him.
The >Yang Ko«.dance is a group dance of long standing created by the Chinese peasants themselves. The only chance for the Chinese peasants under thousands of years of feudalistic oppression to give vent to their eriiotions by singing and dancing together was the oc-casion of the New Year.'
Artists leam írom fhe people
Revolutionary artista leam this dance from the masses, purgé it of all feudalistic elements fostered by the landlord, arid make it express the new life of the people. The purified 3.Yang Ko< dance be-« comes the most popular form of dancing with the masses who tho-roughly master and enjoy it
The present »Yang Ko« dance bears witnesa to the feeling of happiness and gratitude on the part of the peasants of New China, after reaping a bimiper harvest as a result of palnstaking cultivation, towards the leader of the Chinese people Mao Tze-Tung and the leader of the intemational Working
But it is not just culture that the New China has given the people. It has given land, work, schooling to the masses of the working class. In the factories, it is not the big capitalist that pock-ets the prof it of the sweat of the workers; the working people are enjoying the fruit of their work. In Liberated China, there is no more big land owners. The land now belongs to those who till it, the working peasantry.
Education for the people
In the old fascist régime, the children received the very minimum of education, somé none at all; to-day the children of the workers can attend school, receive books, at the minimum ofcost, and somé casés nothing at all. üi the old systemof-'schooling the
student was not allowed to ask questionS' of the teacher, while to-day open discussions are encoura-géd by thé staff. While in the old days, th^ students weré not allowed to bring any grievances to the teachers, or anyone of the staff, to-day sees a big chance in that. To-day the students have organiz-ed themselves into committees tfiat hsyidle just one particular item. For instance one committee handlés any problem that may arise in mathématics, another handlés the problems of literature, and so on.
The people of China have ceased to be working animals of the A-merican and English imperiatísts, and have now started to live like people. T^he rotting system of the Chiang^Kai-Shek régime will crumble' to its fotmdations, and not even »Uncle Sam's« ' doUars will be able to rebuild it, because the people have choosen their fate. They have cast of their bonds as slaves, and have laid the road to socialism, under their great leader Mao Tze-Tung, the Chairman of the Central Committee of the Com-mimist Party of China, and with their g^de the powerful Soviet Union, and its great leader Staiin.
XJNRUPFLED
The railroad traffic rate clerk was teaching his wife to drlve, Halfway down the hill she gave a Gcrcam of horror. >George,« she cricd, >tho car ia running away. Can't you stop lt?<
»No,« replied the rate clerk, >I can't tcach the cohtrols. Use your brakc3, XSse your brakes.c
>I can't; they must have íaUed,« wailed his wife.
>AH right,« he said sittlng baclc, >brtico yourself and try to hitj
BY JOHN SZEIMEBEY ^
Paris
I am now on my way homefrom Europe after suc cesfully breaking through the »iron curtain« the second time. The Intereating thing is that éven though another Canádian and I did not have our Czechoslovalaan visa in order they let us through. It might have been that the »Trat Mludeze« (Youth Railroad) badge displayed by both of US very conspicious-^ ly might have had somé ef-fect on the Czech bordér of-ficials.
At the Youth Kailroad great changes took plac^ during the week and a half that we were there. When we arrived there was still only grading levelling work going on, only a bit of railroad track had been laid. When we lett about a third of the 22 Idlo-mcters of railroad had been laid.
But the changes taking place aro not only in the railroad. They are also taking place in the Outlook of the youth who are btülding
something cheap.«
it The youth we were working
with were students from Slovakia, and as we know fascist influence was greatly extended here during the war. Fascism cannot be up-rooted completely in a year or two. Hence, there were youth who, though not fascist minded, did not agree with the policies of the go-vemment Even though they aU agrced that the change had been for the better slnce the February 1948 revolution.
Somo of tiie youth had dreamy ideás of the conditions of living In Canada and the United States. You could teU that most of these ideaa were injected into them through the médium of the American film which can still be seen in many
párts of Czechoslovakia. However we showed many of them their mistakes through facts and our personal experiences. The idea that everybody in America had a car was certainly a falsé one, which was best illustrated by us fotir Canadians none of us which had a car.
One- thing is sure no matter where you meet youth, they all agree on one basic thing, the ne-cessity of peace. For only in a peaceful world can a country, whether it be a capitalist or soci-alist economy prosper. ,
^YÖÜNG: EEOPIJB are celebral 'jii libeifatedí Chinaj (above), Tba new Peoplefs Bepublic oí Cltin^ opened all'roads and opporttmitiej for ;the young people. Now they can start to build a new cnltnra], economical and political life ol their own. The people of Chifla ceased to be working animals of the American and English bsspt-rialists (see on left pictnre). Hü days of homillation áre over. TSim are no more coolies in libeiatcd China to carry the »white<rmasteB on tlhelr pleasnre rides. ftlUlions of slaves have now started to Un like' people.
A combination of scramb-led eggs and fried cactus is a popular dísh in Middle America.
Mine detectors have been used in a Malvern Hills, England, search for Komán relics.
The area of Laké Superior is greater by neárly 4,000 square miles than the totál
idiicd'i'iöii Expanded in Free China
As the people in the Liberated Areas of China turn to the tasla of peace, education occupies a mav jor point on their agenda. ^
Under the direction of the uniojJ and the péóple's govemment, tlioa-sandsöf workers are studyingij specially organized classes aná schools. Study groups and nigw schools are designed to meet m needs of factory workers. Rei^ schools and cbüeées are gearedw handlé those who desire to M-come trained speciallsts.
In Mukden three arts and literature academies and a Joui» school have been set "P-^/JJ^ shan several technical s(Aool íaj been founded. Ih Tientsin, Kajfen^. Nanking and Chengchow poMMi training institutes are now íunci ionín^.
Supplementing classroom g study groups workers axeta^ to take advantege of the
libraries, reading rooras
and blackboard newspapers cwpr Ing up everywhere. As the workers advance in thdr
studies they advance m their J^^ In Harbin recenOy 1<W ^„XlS were promoted to adnüm^^ posb after completing a training course. , m rural areas expansion rf^ catlon has siníUarly bf^^^^g. In the farm secüon of for cxample.
tures amount to haM ü^e ^ ü to fiudget The major objective »
vTipe out iUiteracy.
area of New Brunswick.
* * . . 2T It is estimated that percent of aduit CUm men smoke" opium.