-11- 

’Ibch빼야훌 vb힐빼 for. WOI빠n waCO a«ql예 뼈 f어low 매 the~뼈뼈뼈. other auigI뼈 role. 

In spite of lucb difCri뼈삐삐00， • few areμ exi훌e where WOJ뭘a α삐삐 빼ddld exert power 뼈d demoAItr빠@ 야aeir 빼? tsinim skiUs. p，야 Jutμ빼I 빼 pJ_ 없d the role of the gn힐빼빼t601 빠 family or clan wu vccypowerfuJ. She comm빼혀 respect 뼈 야빼훌없 h빼n all her offspring， incl뼈ng빠m피ea. She was the boss of the family and tbe lc뻐 in la dome sti c matters. πκleW아야D were powerful， lliks managers of d‘rleι11. 

Sexual relationships betwen male a뼈 female were 당끼ctly for the purpose of procreation， preferably male offaprins. who would increase the clan. In 어&τ m control sexual relationships. males and females were segregated after the age of seven. In ancient Korea， the bride 뻐dtbe groom usually saw each other ft아 the if혈 time on the wedding day. In th~ early days of Christian missions， congregations would αJt up a curtain between the male and female sections of me 잃ncw없y， or build separate wings， in order to comply with these traditions. 

Many of these customs have been ‘ 'm때ezinre ‘ ’ although their influence In everyday life is still noticeable. 

、 

Editor Josbu S«빼 

제 485.효 

Family of 

Sisters: 

This coming Sunday， Oct. 20th. the retsis musicians Ok-Hyun 없띠 Mi-Hyun Kim 값e scheduled to have a recital at Walter Hall in U of T. Elder sister -so Hyun is a graduate of seoul National Uniytisrev and has a Master geD in Music from McGill University I 없ld Mi-Hyun. the youngest graduated from the Royal snoCπatory of Music in Toronto 뼈dalso holds a Master Degree in Music. The si sret have been rewarded the rif place in many competitions for their performing ycnellecxe After the Sunday recital， the 、I srets 않 looking awrof to play another performance next year M따hc at Seneca College Hall; this time the middle sister nuyH-uY Kim will be performing a solo hal let‘ 

Talented 

MJ때oong S매DDl000 English Section 

A 

HEllO， ~TROKG PERFORMER! 

예~γ A (~，아Ul.fJ: ~ 

짧 

Fi훌CES 

KOREA 

금요업 

OF 

The 뼈n삐I meeting of the etnI뼈아lal Monellry RlIid aIXi World Bank wiIl k k삐 this week in S I， K야'CA. πt main !때ic ?f mis year’s annual meeting of the IMP lies 어1 the fact that the most of the 1\i떠 World countries b아TOW are about to default on billions of dollars in debts. 

World Bank president Tom Clausen intacid얀 the shift of the 야m “deserving case" among developing countries. Clausen believes lhat !hose countries which have proved that they are able to make best use of World Bank aid - those with the most efficient noce이nics mould get most of it. This pa없s to be a reversal of previous bank philosophy that aid should go where it is most needed. Io redπs poverty. Clausen says “the countries of Asia evah done the best of any group of countries，" (in smret of economic achievement) ， ‘therefore." he continues， 

we are niog to continue to be a good partner to the Asian countries for their achievemenh ’ ‘ 

oiruxul Seoul Hilton and the impressive 

headquarters of the oweaD Corp 

까1C present government of President Chun Doo Hwan redecorated the slum parts of the city (capital of the world’s fourth largest rotbed nation) that was -isiv ble to the world‘s top bankers to present a prosperous image of a country taht is carηgni a S45 billion foreign debt. To that 

18앨 

TWO 

10뭘 

1985년 

THE 

RICH GETS MORE 

4 

• 

• 

Yangban Culture - Koreans learned and used Chinese tcarahcπ for writing， Just as Europeans learned and used Latin. 까er yang ban were experts in chinese lc 니cal literature. calligraphy and creative writing. Knowledge of Chinese Confucian ιlassies was the main er비πnem for both ssecca to higher education and ninraxe snoit for government jobs‘ 까et upper etas~e、 sla specialized in Confucian literalure， hposolihp and ethics. 

Bu여hism and Confucianism were -mi ported to Korea from China by elite scholars around the 4th century A.D. for the purpose of “CIvilizing'‘ and ruling the pop비ace. 까ley were aimed at inesool the hold of the traditional shama미앙ic practices. When the Yi dynasty (13배 century) adopted Confucianism as the naanoit ide이，ygo Bu때hism was pxe히led from the abru areas to the less inhabited arnuonr snoiger Shamanism was 외so suppressed. A‘ times a few sympathetic kings favored Bu때hism. Shamans were entertained by the women of the court， including the queen. But Confucian teaching was observed. The Korean elite admired Chinese culture， although acco nois허yl they had had to resist Chinese 띠citi and military domination. 

Under hcus circumstances， it was‘a miracle that “hangul ••• ~he phonetic Korean alphabet， was ever invented. Hangul was created by scholars at the encouragement of King gnojieS in 1446. An office 10 promote its use was 외so es up. A number of books were pubh화led in hangul. The use of hangul was miraeulωs because the elite class still prized Chinese characters as eht ettirw language of learned people1 They used Chinese characters exclusively. es야:CI외ly in offieial and pub! ci documents. 까ley despised hangul as the medium for the uncultured， especially women 

The YI dynasty came to full bl∞m -rud 

gm the 15th yrutnec Socieη， was stable. Great numbers of writings on history， geography ‘ crtilop‘ agricu ，erutl asronort따 and medicine were published. Many nonnevm were developed noma them me fmt movable printing- type ln thi world， a gauge [0 measure rain. the sun ζlock， the water lcκ，k the weather vane a떠 “’e때.sno Among eht weapons was the Iron clad' 'turtle ship. “ maga a srif These ships would repulse an Invading Japanese annada a tnecη later The rc【evi surge ‘ιas also 때P강tne In 때，s ，gnnmap gillac 

yhpar ttop and cisum 

외 .‘ 

때 % 때 u lJ 

W tl 

pe .빼 

떼 때 nr 

R aa 

RU 따 gJ 

HAN 

OF 

PART TWO 

PEOPLE 

THE 

SMOOTH FOR KOREA 

I Excerpts from “Fire underneath the frost": Editors Moon Dong "wan and three ).srehto 

to etaloiv .smotsuc 

A man who had studied and decitcarp medicine in the United States for nearly 30 ye와s came home to Korea to pay respect to his parents and to renew seit with his relaosevu and friends. After the first dinner with his parents. he lit and smoked a cigarette. He had forgotten the rule that one was not to smoke in the presence of hi s elders 

The father was offended but restrained himself from scolding the son. But. he communicated his displeasure through other members of the family. 

At the second dinner， the father offered a glass of wine to his son as an expression of affeζtion and in recognition of his son’S maturity and achievement. The son refused the wine. not wanting to offend again. But iaga the father was offended. According 

to 대상Qm，w야필훌 son to ￥lUll훌톨 person is offerd a glass of wine by his famer or an elder. that peπ011 IS sUJψso to accept it with thanks， then turn away from the giver and drink lI alI at once The son was reproached again for not observing the -suc toms he had inherited. 

Family relationships were the model for all other relationships. 까ei first obligation for each member lS to honor and obeν the family. the clan and the nation， in that order. Thereby. the whole human comtinunr was honored 

The Role of Women - In the -ufnoC ζIan system. the woman’s place and work were strictly confined to domestic duties‘ Women were to serve their fathers itnu they married， their husbands when the、 

were married， and their nos when the、 were old. All women were fated to be irram except for those in the ζlass of "K“ngn .... o. ’ palace women. and 

'，gneasik Courtesans. Women were not 

to be educated. at least not lamrof 까Ie、 

could never divorce asetruoc The、 

could never dlVOrce then husbands Butthey could be divorced rather easily on any one of the lf이gniwol grounds: if she did not serve her .ni-rehtonr well. had 00 chi 1erd e(휴>ecially male heir). was orehcel or je-alous. had an) incurable aesidξ 

talked t∞ much or stole 

Three Bonds and Five Virtues Koreans believed in three basic human bonds - the bond between king and sub，reej between father and son， and between husband 없1<1 wife. All other realtions were derived from these. Five fundamental virtues were specified: loyalty to the king. love beIween father and son ， cour1esv between husband and wife‘ respect for -le ders‘ and trust wtebεn friends. 

Moral duties were serp디bed for robus dinates. The duties were strictly patriarchal and authoritarian. The subjects sho비d be loyal to the king， the son should be obedient to his father， the wife should be faithful to her husband. and young people ohs비d respect their elders， The rules and regulations of these duties were so complicated that quite often a srep had to consult others for help in order not 

l'l、 II thgir of Korean people‘ As a jourshan Ham reported sih citra in Sa Sang Kae ( ‘'The World of Id∞logy") from 1956 He 서tra his own monthly Journal See-All UI Shoree ( “The Voice of People") In 1970. He cries for the national homogeneity which he thinks is above 

ideological differences of North and South Korea For this reason. he syas neither North nor South has any hgir to call itself tteb than the other. National unification can be accomplished by the consciousness of 야。pie about their need of national unity but not by physical force， H뻐 insists. 

까ei South Korean government has put him In Jail many times (South Korea put 어1 censorship to sympathizing words towards the North). His See All ui Shoree got banned on its publication from 1980 J비y 

Once his admirers called him to be -naG ihd of Korea. 야Jt he humbly refused the ":Jtle to the younger generation fighters， His long. white be-ard confuse 야。elp whether the) are enr ng an ancient Oriental .egas 

dong， the government offered the heads of the 1，200 hesuoh이sd some compensation of 200，αm 뻐d 500，000 won， worth $300 to S750， for their lost family homes. Later this year the parking lot will be πplaced by an office block designed to tum Seoul into an urban showcase when it plays host to the Asian Games in 1986 and the Olympics in the summer of 1988. 

HUMAN RIGHTS FIGHTER FROM KOREA 

훌 

Total'빼100 i끓511981허f 

15 132 9 ' 10251d1 

1 9?B 4 B 332 6 3 2:.0 4 5082 2 

잃醫패h페ι빼ι職“← 껴 빼냈서때뉴쩨「얘빼뚫 

꾀끊 -핀챈r-쟁~9-없- 

잃앓υ{떼R밸려펠 

‘빼‘懶… 폐“m‘샤-뻔w-없i 

-뼈{빼서빼펼{없깨짧 

--mm빼 -옐mf없~없“빼“뺏 

-m끼JJ「 7+ ? ← 」 

다{댔뉴없「…m…호뻐“￠폐i 仁뼈 “ 때 야없K짧”빼“없…M{ --뼈 낀배斗ι→ι→U+기+L- 

-{냈 ‘ 현뺀뀔없-챈없- 

τ「 ← 2‘ ← ← ← ← * 

}G 뼈-” st --째ι 願{ } 뺀{뺏 ‘쩌 싫-鐵-M-뼈…빼 

폐M 뼈‘쩌-빼굶-M-빼 

‘f 

rY 뼈 

/H 

·뻐 F3 

뼈 H 

Ham kuS Heun， 85. once nominated fαr the Nobel Peace Prize by the Quakers comes to Toronto this SUnday (Oct. 20) for a tcel at the Toronto Korean deunU Church‘ 300 81∞r S1. W 

Through the last 30 ye하.s Ham has been fighting against the dictatorial nseroK government which constantly deprived ~이e 

3，100.5 2，3042.9 

560.‘ 1，782.5 

862.1 920.4 

밟빡찮1-85 1，6182 1‘6300 228.3 1，4517 518.8 932.9 

‘」 

m-펀 없 } 챈 때 { 깨 짧-짧 -셋 없 -뼈 -짧 

.... 

end， the government was also determined 10 keep students‘ who planned to protest the IMF’s handling of the Third World debt crisis. from marching in the streets 

For the displaced families of Yang 

〈*1L; ‘ 。 -〔‘‘‘강〈 3 

(US$m，II，α)， -‘““￡ 

Item r 'l\G~ I" I 1985 11981-85 

- - → - ---↓. 1- _ 

IBRDar、dlDAconrtrnrnr ↑，1019 13.014，9 

현펀뻗r했화- LJ 꽃1I-- 53~i Repaymenls 

애te enresrobsrd 3강9 f 

InIElfe!1 an야har9es 16 U 

Net trans’er 365.9 

South Koreans are happy with their oursop as star students among those who borrow from the World Bank. 까ley 와e quick to point αJ[ the Bank's favorable view of their economic achievements as evidenced in improved loan terms. South Korea is borrowing more than it had -xe tcep this year，’ b뻐삐tu its t센e하ermso아fbo。아rrow뻐iηIn맨 

1멍 g 

flav얻e I”mmInmrn매lψp미roy앤ed 까et latest syndicated loan 

by the state-owned Export-Impon Bank of Korea for USS300 million was arranged without much difficulty and on better terms than loans earlier this year， despite the countη‘s present economic problems which centre on slowed exports and a stubborn current account deficit 

A FACE·LlFT 

lroniζal to South Korean's economic achievement from outsider's view. the bulldozeπ tore down me ghetto of Yang dong in downtown Seoul and transformed itlnto a parking I어 for 2，000 vehicles la!t i.yaM Yang dong was verpαfsi the home to 1.200 slum families who lived in its maze of dark alleys. Its location was between the two buildings that are the site of this week ':-， meeting of the IMF - the 

• 

• 

• 

• 

South Korean ~ • ban on 빼t엉'tJg， dog m •• t， ~"엉".tr.tkm， and poverty 

( ... continued next keew 

~.-=..{종. 전기시설 @목공잃 일체 1-y。Rκ |C효iiEAkiAal니낱Tr! J EL~C!ROHOME. 지접수리업 소 ! Rich뻐e 뀌e하퍼급& iiil퍼a ii i퍼r - -l A Diy. of c.nko Electric빼 Contrktors 

S n a fIR d . Rex da 1 e. 0 n t 

있읍니다. 

젊에 

LL- 

여러분 / 

‘ NEW. USED) 

oWALK -IN- COOLER 

o REACH -IN COO[ER~ ~녕잉껴작 

o ICE CREAM CABINET: 

o DAIRY CASE. 

o PRODUCE CASE‘ 

。SHELVING. 0 AIR-CONDITIONING， HEATING. 

유일한 한국인의 회사 CANKO 는 여 러 분 사업얘 필요한 COOLER 흘 직접 생산재작오 불론 연퍼 가지 각종 장비를 구비하고 언빼나 신속정확 하게 봉사합니다 

4M3 

i 성흘 다하는 ;캔f~ i壘뿔뀔 A서l낸칸 :필낮필111;쉰1;젠핏젠1j핏젠1;섣jA사篇;jA사嚴jA사옳AA사썩」L낸L낸s흩흩‘)61o앨oo앨1환j환n~~~- 

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짧 ‘를흩를I IG객찔뽕J4jA~콕1 t"'"\ 주 

짧 i 劉 훌낼볕 撥짧성짧혈깅 rk 젠 

回곰탕 ...JJ.. _ ~업/I \\ U 끓안rJ자흉화됐짧;파 f ‘ 

M9W 

35 

.. 

• 

• 

:흩~~ 믿j훨훨;、 홉빌?훌효홉，.r ‘ i ; 

-‘ 

나포!훌혼꾀- 

789--7544 

활:꿇고 

;랬톨훌; 

f쫓l ORFUS Rd.: 

~ ... ‘. 

;행 

130 

안I 

l폐 i響i::jfj}캘 춘 

. 

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