FISH PRICES
VANCOUVER
WEEK ENDING FEBRUARY 10
OTHER SPECIES
Sole..............._.......________..... lb. 6-9c
Grey cod (dressed) .... lb. 7-7Vic
Skate ______________........................ lb. 5c
Ling cod .....-----------------........ lb. 12c
Crab (shell) ________doz. $3.50-$4.00
Red and Rock cod lb. 3'/2-12c
Crab (meat) ______________...... lb. $1.40
Shrimp (meat)________________ lb. $1.50
Shrimp (shell ________...... lb. 1G-24c
Flounder ......_________________________ lb. 4c
Octopus ________......__________________ lb. 12c
Minkfeed __________................ Ib.2-2V2C
Prawns ____________________________ lb. 40-50c
Herring GN ________________...... lb. 8-9c
Clams ........._________________________ lb. 6-8c
PRINCE RUPERT
WEEK ENDING FEBRUARY 10
OTHER SPECIES Ling cod Grey cod Minkfeed Sole..........
lb. 4-51/2'c lb. 7c lb. 2c lb. 5c
Octopus ........._________________ lb. 15-22c
SEATTLE
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 16 OTHER SPECIES
Cod, true ........_________.......______ lb. 6c
Perch, Pacific Ocean ________ lb. 6c
Rockfish (round) _______________ lb. 6c
Sole, English ____________________ lb. 8'/2C
Cole, rock ___________________________ lb. 7c
Sole, Petrale ____________________ lb. 12c
Sablefish, small (dressed) lb. 10c
Marine and. General Blacksmithing Welding and Fabricating
Dundas Iron Works
1011 Royal Ave. 521-2556
Pavlovian Principles Applied
Scientists Study Fish Reflexes
Pavlov started more than he knew when he induced "conditioned reflexes" in his dogs. Now other Soviet scientists have taken Pavlov's principles to sea and say they work there as well.
All the general laws of higher nervous activity in dogs and other land animals recorded by the famous Soviet physiologist half a century ago are today applicable to fish, according to a group of Soviet scientists.
"Many fish can acquire conditioned reflexes not only under direct influence of stimuli but also as a result of imitating other fish responding to stimuli," these scientists asserted in a paper presented to a conference on fish behavior in relation to fishing techniques held recently at Bergen, Norway.
"Such reflexes were displayed by specimens which had only watched the experiments carried out with their neighbors," these scientists reported. "This was proved by Bogomolova, Saakyan and Kozorovitsky (1958) in their tests with 'actors' and 'spectators.' Fish 'spectators' learned the things which had been taught to 'actors' beyond a glass partition in the same acquarium.
"Conditioned reflexes, once acquired, do not disappear even after a month's interruption of tests."
The Soviet scientists also say there is evidence that anchovies with conditioned defensive reflexes pass on the experience
when placed in a school of "untrained" fish. Some species develop a defensive reflex after seeing others of the school caught by hook and line. The reflex fades when fishing ceases, returns immediately when fishing is resumed.
Their conclusion is that such conditioned training of fish has great significance to future commercial fishing.
WHY DO FISH SCHOOL
The Conference, sponsored by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, was also concerned with an ancient mystery of the sea: why do fish congregate in schools? The tendency of pelagic, or open sea, fish to gather in schools was noted by the earliest mariners. They attributed it to mystical causes.
Centuries later the school question remains only partly explained. Yet all agree on its importance to the world's fishing industry. Without the tendency to school, fish would be extremely difficult — perhaps prohibitively uneconomical — to catch.
Research into schooling behavior is relatively recent. In 1927 an American scientist, A. E. Parr, laid down pioneering concepts of schooling behavior. He divided fish into occasional and full time schoolers.
Four years later another American, W. C. Allee, evolved elaborate groupings of more than 50 categories of schooling fish and their habits. At that time two main types of fish groupings were generally recognized: one based
BEST FILTER ON THE MARKET
The heaviest wear occurred in the main-bearings, and ■BMPr"*^ * these are the figures presented in the table below:
Main-bearing IRBM Type of filter or cleaner wear II cf
Disc-type strainer.........1.107 mm.
Cloth-element filter........ 0.068 mm. ^MJffW Jt*-
Scania-Vabis double-acting oil cleaner - - 0.000 mm. 0>B jfenfi
Centrifugal oil cleaner alone.....0.019 mm. ;^^5JJLr^L
With cloth and paper filters there is always a by-pass valve, which opens when the filter has become completely choked. But this valve can open in other circumstances as well, for example when the oil is cold. It is also liable to chatter (in the same way as a bath plug) or get "hung up." In all these cases there will be heavy wear, since the dirt particles are allowed to pass. On the Scania-Vabis double-acting lubricating-oil cleaner there is no by-pass valve, so that no such accidents can happen.
SCANIA-VABIS
SWEDISH DIESELS
MODELS
D5—317 cu. in. 75 HP Cont.
D8—475 cu. in. 110 HP Cont.
D11—675 cu. in. 153 HP Cont.
DS11—673 cu. in 230 HP Cont.
ART ENGLISH DIESEL LTD.
1521 Columbia Street Phone 985-5395
North Vancouver
The Scania-Vabis lubricating-oil cleaner consists of a cyclone cleaner and a centrifugal cleaner. It's fitted to all Scania-Vabis engines.
The oil coming from the engine sump is first passed into the cyclone cleaner (1). There it is given a vigorous swirl, so that the impurities are driven out towards the wall of the cyclone. The oil remaining in the middle of the cyclone is clean and free from particles. This is the oil that subsequently goes out to the engine lubricating points. The dirty oil at the walls of the cyclone is taken off to the centrifugal cleaner (2).
The centrifugal force in this cleaner hurls the dirt out towards the walls, where it sticks fast. The clean oil runs back down into the oil sump. So this double oil cleaning has obvious advantages — unexcelled efficiency, ease of cleaning, and absence of loose filter inserts.
PHONES MU. 4-1749 and MU. 5-0021
fflarine and \j
WORK*
1705 WEST GEORGIA STREET Vancouver 5, B.C.
on a common response to environment, and the other on mutual attraction among the species.
NEW RESEARCH
In 1946 the question was reopened: when is a group of fish a school and when is it an aggregation? In schools, the individual fish are usually oriented the same way, uniformly spaced and swimming at the same speed.
Differences of interpretation have been given to the terms "school" and "aggregation." One specialist suggested that a school is an extreme form of the aggregating tendency, based on mutual attraction. It is generally agreed that a school represents a mutual attraction of fish.
Research into schooling behavior is underway in various countries, Britain, the Soviet Union and the United States. Dr. Evelyn Shaw of New York's American Museum of Natural History has induced aquarium fish to swim with a "school" painted on a revolving screen around a glass tank.
DANIELS ELECTRONICS
221 St. Lawrence Street Victoria, B.C. Phone 382-9422
Scientists are also studying the "geometry" of schools, their physiology, and communication among fish. How are changes in direction, speed, and position in one fish communicated to another? How do fish maintain the integrity of the school? What primeval instincts draw and keep fish together?
Participants to the Bergen conference agreed that man still needs to know a lot about fish. Better knowledge of schooling behavior, for instance, could make future fishing much easier and help feed a protein hungry world.
The participants recommended that FAO set up a working party to conduct direct investigations on schooling fish, in the oceans, under natural conditions. That, they held, is the only way to solve the ancient mystery of what makes fish band together in the sea.
DELTA WELDING & MACHINE SHOP
H. JENSEN
Aluminum Winches Drum Drives - Tanks - Repairs
99561 Gunderson Road
(Annieville Slough)
584-4244 R.R. 1, New Westminster
Engine Repairs Propeller Repair Shop 3 Way Marine Ways Welding Marine Hardware Machine Shop
Boat Supplies
Nanaimo Shipyard Ltd.
1040 STEWART AVE. — NANAIMO, B.C.
Office: 753-1151 Res.: 758-6598
ROBERT SIMPSON General Superintendent
WALTER REDUCTION GEARS Offer a Range of Engine Drives
Specialists in marine drives, Walter manufacture many models of reduction gears, speed increasers and V-drive assemblies.
INDEPENDENTLY MOUNTED
Built for high speed gasoline or diesel engines, Walter gear drives have specially finished, hardened.hel-ical gears on splined shafts for maximum torque and quiet operation.
Walter reduction tear drive, independently mounted.
DIRECT MOUNTED
Direct-mounting Walter reduction gears, with suitable adapters, fit Warner and Paragon hydraulic reverse gears. 'Step-down' design makes it possible to reach low angle propeller shafts close to the keel.
Direct mounted 'Step-down' reduction gear.
TRANSFER DRIVES
Made in various ratios and sizes, the Walter transfer drive enables the engine to be mounted in the stern leaving midship space clear for cargo or living quarters.
Walter transfer drive with tubular drive shaft and adapter.
TANDEM TWIN ENGINE GEARS
An economical means of driving a large single propeller with two low-priced gasoline or diesel engines. Unit enables both engines to be used for maximum power or one tw!'*" for trolling or slow cruising.
tear box
TRANSMISSION
SPECIALISTS
A R I N E T
KOR-WEST GEAR
& \ENGINE CO.
LTD.
933 Main Street VANCOUVER 4, B.C. Phone: 685-5257
THE FISHERMAN — FEBRUARY 20, 1968