Til*'CaiMdtoii JcwU Mtwt. PrMay, Owtmlcr 7, If62 — fajt S
Premier David Ben-Gurion recently placed the probl^of integrating th^ newly arrived immigrants on a par with Israel's security problems. 'If we do not succeed in fully integratirig/the many different elements into the texture of Israeli society, economically as well as socially, we will be faced with a danger from within as great as the danger of an attack from without by Nasser,'"Ee de-claredr-
Butintegration is a slow and frequently painful process. Not only financial wherewithal is required, but a myriad of psychological and sociological barriers must be broken down. In this last year about 10„000 immigrants entered Israel—the largest ntmiber in any 12 month period since 1952. The problem.of. integration is thus complicated b y sheer numbers. The Welfare Fund of the Histadrut has undertaken to handle the situation, and we. friends of the Histadrut campaign, must do all we can to ensure that the goal is reached.
The Histadrut Welfare Fvmd is founded on the principle of mutual aid. From the moment a newcomer sets foot in the country, it'becomes active in promoting his integration; a committee of Histadrut volimteers meets every airplane and ship carrying immigrants. The very day after his arrival the immigrant receives a letter from the Histadrut. with greetings and an invitation to turn to Histadrut for counseling and help. He is immediately offered three months' free medical insurance with Kupath HoHm. Thus he makes his first acquaintance with Histadrut. The full import of Histadrut's wide-reaching social welfare program, however, emerges only later, when the countless 'small' problems of becoming part and parcel of the Israel reality' begin to confront the newcomer.
Gradually he becomes more and more familiar with the vast network of institutions and agencies with which Histadrut stands ready to sen-e his needs. These institutions
are not, by the way, iTmiled^to 'serving newcomers, but are forever expanding and improving to serve the-resident population, 2/3 of which holds membership in the Histadrut. The immigrant, therefore, is not made to feel - like a special case, or ai second-class citizen. On the contrarj', through his c6ntact_\vith the various Histadrut institutions he is almost automatically woven into the fabric of Israeli society. The Histadrut campaign is intimately involved in the Social Welfare program. Campaign goals become clearer and more concrete when we review, even briefly, the responsibilities which the Histadrut - Welfare Fund has shouldered.
MEDICAL NEEDS
It is estimated that through natural population increase and immigration, the next three yezrs will see a growth of 280,000 in Israel's population. Uninhabited regions of the country will ■ have to be settled, particularly the Negev.
Kupath Holim already handles 100.000 patients dmly in its sixteen hospitals and one thousand clinics. The new Kupath Holim hospital in Beer-Sheba will shortly be augmented by a hospital in Elath. But even these two new structures will be unable to keep pace with the ever increasing Negev population. For every thousand indi\iduals in Israel three clinic rooms are necessary. Thus, since we expect the population to be increased by 280.000, it becomes clear that an additional 900 hospital beds are going to, be needed in the next three years. Hospital personnel, doctors and nurses, will also, of course, have to be increased.
EDUCATION
Integration and education are inseparable. A common culture must be the bond'holding together the various groups of newcomers. The education-culture Department of the Histadrut reaches into the tiniest and remotest of set-tlertients in Israel. Mobile libraries, lecturers, records, films and exhil>its
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bpng Jewish cultm-e in the context of the Israeli reality to the new immigrants. The /educational P r o g r a m consists of Hebrew courses, Bible, Jewish history, Israel geography and current events. In TeKAviv there is a Histadrut workers university, with branches in Haifa and Bieersheba and more b r a^n c h e s. planned for other cities. In the new development areas of the country the Histadrut provides educational material as well as books and other necessary equipment for the children of i>oor immigrants. 30.000 adults attend the courses sponsored by the education and culture department of the Histadrut; 600,000 have taken advantage of the lectures and 200,000 have borrowed books from the libraries. There are special culture centres both in the densely populated cities and in the newer outlying areas.
VOCATIONAL TRAINING
In the area of Vocational Training the Histadrut has launched a double-barreled program. First— teaching middle-aged immigrants new skills suited to earning a livelihood in the new environment; and second — teaching trades to imimgrant youth, especially those from the middle east. This program functions throup'- network of fourte. \: 1^'' schools, suppo! \. the Histadrut Wei und. Among the. ma..j trades taught are, carpentr\'. electrical work, radio, printing, aviation, mechanics, weaving. Shortly four new 'Amal' schools are to be opened, two in Kiryath Gath and two in Beth-. Shan. The courses for boys include electro-mechanics and metal-work; for girls, architecture, drafting and industrial mathematics. More regional trade' schools will be opened in Petach Tik-vah, Rehovoth, Dimonah and Safed which will house another 2500 students.
YOUTH CENTERS
Scarcely less important than education and vocational training are the recreational institutions. It is a matter of major concern to see that youth is provided with leisure time activity. Long, empt>-hours pose the ever present danger of juvenile delinquency. Socializing in the Histadrut Youth Centres brings the young immigrant into informal contact with the Israeli en\ar-onment. This is particularly vital for members of the oriental groups who gain confidence in the new society and in their ability to play a useful role in it. The Histadrut supports Youth Centres both in the cities,.small towns and \dl-lages.
Hapoel; the Histadrut organization for physical fitness, fulfills a crucial
BY DR. SHLOMO STEIN
role in the integration of the young newcomer. Hapoel sponsors some 150 clubs in cities, and factories, with 225 branches in villages, 225 in the new development areas and 25 fully equiped athletic centres, linpressive as the numbers are, they still fajl far short of the need. Clubs are still lacking in many neighbourhoods of high immigrant^concen-tration. The Hapoel program was, therefore, j!x-panded for the combing year, but its success depends, again, on financial support from the Histadrut Welfare Fund, which, in turn, means the Histadrut Czunpaign.
THE MUTUAL AID FUND
Even in the prosperous milieu of North America childrcQ of mlddije and^ working class families are faced with the problem of both a financial and a. moral nature. Mashan, the Histadrut Mutual Aid Fund has, it appears, made great strides in solving this problem, which is so wdespread in the Western World. Mashan has founded a network of parents' homes which are a far cry from the grim tradition of the Moshav Skenim (Home for, the Aged) and point to a new institutional concept. These are a mixture between Kibbutz and an American style residents club for pensioners. The scheme has attracted experts from many European countries who have come to Israel to studv _ Mashan in operation. Like all social-welfare in.>;titu-tions of the Histadrut. the parents homes are based on mutual-aid. The budget, however, is not large enough to include new immigrants who require the ser\ice. The responsibility for raising the necessar>* money rests with the Histadrut Welfare Fund—i.e.. on the Histadrut Campaign in North America.
ECONOMIC REHABILITATION
The Histadrut participates in a fund to enable newcomers to establish industrial enterprises, thereby creating jobs. A large variety of modest factories, each employing a few dozen workers, have been launched through this fund. Histadrut contributes a full 50 per cent of the founding capital, placing yet another load on the Histadrut Campaign. The more newcomers to Israel, the larger the financial requirements of the fund and the greater our responsibility.
RELIGIOUS NEEDS
Histadrut has members of ever>' political shading. There, are thousands of mernbers who are deeply religious, and the Histadr rut Welfare Fund has undertaken to fill' itheir special needs. Thus re-
TORONTO HISTADRUT CONFERENCE SUNDAY
The annual conference of the Ontario Histadrut campaign will take place on Sunday, December 9th^ 9:30 ajn., at 14 Viewmount Aye-nue. Approximately 200 delegates will participate, some representing various Jewish communities in Ontario. The Toronto delegatidn_Ayill represent ail organizations which actively participate in the Histadrut campaign.
A teistimonial luncheon will be tenderied in honor of Mr. J. J. Zweig aiid Mr. Harry Steiiier.
Dr. David Lewis, Q.C., M.P., vnll jje guest speaker. Among those present will be Rabbi Dayid^Monson and Mr. David Archer, president of the Ontaiio Federation of Labour.
The following groups will be presented: Aclidut Ayodah Poale Zion, Independent Wbrliers' Circle, Farband Labour Zionist Order, Labour Zionist Movement, Pioneer Women's Ot^gatdzation, United Organlzjatlbns for Histadrut iand Workmen's Circle, I
A large delegation will re-presen t The Amalgamated Clothing ,'Workers' Union The Bakers Union, Ladies Clothing Worker's Union, The Furriers Union, The Dressmakers Union, The Cap Workers and Millinery Workers Union. — -
ligion has come back into its natural context,—-it is once again a culture factor protected from the vagaries of the political arena. Four hundred
schools and synagogues have been built by the Histadrut. Thanks to it there is no Yishuv in Israel today without a house of worship. The His-
tadrut has also set up Torah libraries , for the general gQv-eTnment schools. It 'arranges Bar Mitvahs for children from poor families. Of general
liistorical interest is the Histadrut ,undertaking to publish the Tahnud with voWels. and the first five volumes h a v e already come off the press.
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