Page 10 - The Canadian Jewish News, Friday, October 3, 1975
Post'war hunt for Nazis
tremendously fhistratin^^ well-documented study
By B.G.KAYFETZ
Aftermath is a compilation of a prodigious amount of research, investigation and indefatigable, unrelenting pursuit on the pan of a trim, white-bearded journalist named Ladislas Farago.
He has pursued the trial of Martin Bormann from the Berlin bunker through the Schleswig-Ho'.stein province on the Danube frontier, down to the Italian T>toI and thereafter to Argentina. Paraguay. Uruguay. Chile and Bolivia and Hnally — much to his own astonishment — came face-to-face with him in 1973 in a hospital run by Redemptorist nuns in the Andes.
The book has a cast of names, familiar and unknown: Eva Maria Duane. an Argentine actress who. with a man named Freude. was on the receiving end of the shipment of massive cargos of jewels, cash an d gold sent by Bormann in advance of his arrival. Later she was to marr>- Juan Peron and become the adored and powerful Evita Peron,
Then there is Bishop Hudal. whose mission in life was to synthesize Catholicism and Nazism and who threw out a lifeline from the church to rescue Nazis large and small, oblivious to their anti-Christian and anti-Catholic past or — what is more important — to their murderous record.
Col. Hans Ulrich Rudel. a Luftwaffe war hero, masterminded the escape apparatus in close cpllabo-ration with the church. Dr. Francisco Ciancaglini. a noted Argentine physician who was con-suhed by the aging Bormann (born 1900) a few years ago in the company of his mistress, sought restoration of his failing sexual powers. The unspeakable Josef Mengele, who moves about from one Latin American land to another (he has Paraguayan citizenship), either under his real name or only thinly concealed by a false name.
Franz Stangl, ex-commandant of Treblinka. who felt so secure and was the target of so little search that for 20 years he lived In . Brazil under his real name, making no attempt to disguise his identity.
Juan Peron stood out as the prime benefactor and protector of Germany's war criminals.
Without Peron in the background the entire continuing existence of Nazism in Argentina would be questionable. As long as 'he was in power, they felt safe. On his departure in 1955 insecurity and panic in Nazi ranks set in. though they settled down to an uneasy uncertainty for the nex| two decades,
When Juan Peron returned in 1973 the Nazi colony breathed much easier. It was in the post-Peron, Frondizi regime in 1966 that Adolf Eichmann was captured and it was under President Arturo Ilia in 1963'that Argentina actually extradited — for the first and last time — one Nazi war criminal. Gerhard Bohne (who. ironically, went unpunished in West Germany).
What emerges from Farago's book is that the most telling factor in the continuing security of the
Nazi fugitives is the power of money. What has kept Martin Bormann safe from the claws of justice (aside to some exteiit from the reluctance of the justice-seekers in the councils of the Allied countries as well as in Germany) has been the vast treasure stolen and stripped directly fix)m the persons and bodies of death camp victims which he diverted for his personal possession and arranged to send to .Argentina as early as 1943 and 1944.
Dt. Mengele. too. has been able to keep himself afloat through his family fortune. The name Mengele is a well-known trade name in Germany for farm machinery-, and Dr. Mengele shared in the profits of the family firm. Neither Stangl nor Eichmann enjoyed this flow of cash and both eventually faced retribution in the courts.
Farago tells us of Bariloche. a resort complex in Argentina popular with the expatriate Nazis in Argentina. He chuckles while telling iis that the name by which ; Bormann officially entered Argentina in 1948 was Eliezer Goldstein whose papers had him bom in Piotrkow, Poland. The additional joke he sees in the name chosen is that Bormann entered South America well-cushioned by piles of precious stones and gold.
What surprised Farago most when he got to Argentina, after all the official and semi-official stories that came out of Europe attesting to Bormann's death by fire and explosion in the last days of Hitler's Berlin, was the casual and maner of fact way in which the Argentine police record confirmed Bormann's presence in the countrv'.
Farago's book is far more than the story of the search for Martin Bormann (whose job, incidentally, was that^f chief administrator of the Nazi party). He talks of Josef Mengele. of the Latvian mass murderer. Herbert Cukurs, of Gestapo chief Heinrich Muller, of Krupp von Bohlen. of the Israeli secret service (he points out that for understandable piolitical reasons, having made her point publicly. Israel withdrew from the chase after the Eichmann trial).
The book reflects the tremendous frustrations of the search for Nazi war criminals, the political perils and the paltry record of extraditions: Argentina, Ghana, the USA and Brazil have each extradited one criminal of the hundreds and thousands harbored. The role of the Catholic Church in building up the underground railway for Nazis is really a troublesome one to contemplate when contrasted with the role it adopted when the Nazis rounded up the Jews - of Rome for deportation.
There is much yet to be written about the Fourth Reich, the Nazi post war Diaspora and Farago's book is a worthy beginning. It is a well-written and welMocumented study and combines the suspense of a thriller with the sobeiiiig effect of a serious examination of an.important and chilling segment of the post-Holocaust wx>rld.
Mr. Kayfetz is executive director, Canadiart Jewish Congress, Central Region.
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The Jewish Family Album, By Franz Hubmann, Little, BroM-n & Company-, $22.95
This beautifully produced book contains 300 photographs — many of them full-page — that were taken between the years 1880 and 1945. They have been lovingly selected by Franz Hubmann. a distinguished Austrian photographer, and constitute the most absorbing, poignant and evocative collection of photographs of Jews and Jewish life that I have ever seerti Here is an unforgettable record of a vanished era.
The oversized volume is divided into four general sections: "'Ghetto and Shtctl," "The Emancipated." "The N e w World." and "The Promised Land." Each section is preceded by a brief introduction by the English historians Lionel and Miriam Kochan, who also provide a more comprehensive preface to the entire work. The sparse text is competent and helpful, but it is the wonderful photography that gives the book its distinction.
In the first section we meet a variety of Jews who are busy in the marketplaces of Polish towns; see a sturdy blacksmith at his work; view quaint medieval wooden synagogues with their painted ceilings; share in a heartrending scene after the pogrom in Kishinev in 1903, and join Galician Jews in flight froiti Czarist troops during the First World War.
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rub shoulders with affluent members of the Jewish aristocracy in their bpu-Icnl surroundings. On one page there is squalor and poverty, on the next a photograph that brings to life dazzling wealth and privilege.
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